Background/objective:This study aimed to investigate the impacts of a 12-week training of the aerobic exercise (AE), resistance exercise (RE), and combined exercise (CE) on the serum levels of nesfatin-1, irisin-1 and some other metabolic and anthropometric indices in overweight women with metabolic syndrome. Methods: Sixty overweight women with metabolic syndrome were assigned equally into four groups: aerobic exercise (AE, n = 15), resistance exercise (RE, n = 15), combined exercise (CE, n = 15), and control (n = 15). All groups underwent 12 weeks of intervention. The study variables were measured before and 24 h after the intervention period. Results: Twelve weeks of training resulted in an increase of irisin-1 in the AE and CE groups and nesfatin-1 in all the intervention groups. As expected, all the trained groups exhibited a positive alteration in anthropometric indices and lipid profile in comparison with the control group. Besides, compared with the control group, insulin resistance (based on the homeostatic model assessment) in AE (p = 0.022), RE (p = 0.032), and CE (p < 0.001) groups were reduced significantly. According to the observed changes in the measured indices, serum irisin-1 was significantly correlated with body weight, BMI, body fat percentage, fasting insulin, and HOMA-IR. However, with regard to nesfatin-1, only a negative correlation was observed with body fat percentage and LDL-cholesterol. Conclusions: The 12-week systematic training program changed circulating irisin-1 and nesfatin-1. Also, change in the serum irisin-1 and nesfatin-1 were correlated Amanat et al. Exercise and Nesfatin-1 and Irisin-1 with the change in glycemic and anthropometric indices in addition to LDL-cholesterol. Also, exercise training significantly reduced fasting insulin and HOMA-IR in all the intervention groups.
Background:
Lactobacillus Acidophilus
and
Lactobacillus Casei
are gram-positive probiotics and members of the genus Lactobacillus. These bacteria are widely applicable in food and dairy industries. Increasing bacterial load and decreasing fermentation time make them more profitable for manufacturers.
Objective:
This study was aimed at assessing the biological effects of short-term exposure of
L. acidophilus
and
L. Casei
to 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) generated by a Wi-Fi router on the lactic acid production and proliferation of these probiotic bacteria.
Material and Methods:
This experimental study was performed on pure culture strains of
L. acidophilus
and
L. Casei
, first direct vat sets (DVS) were activated in MRS broth for 24 hours then transferred to new culture mediums. Afterward, these mediums were exposed to RF-EMF for 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes. The control samples were sham-exposed. After 72 hours of incubation on MRS agar cell counts were enumerated.
Results:
Exposure for 30, 45 and 60 minutes significantly increased the growth of
L. acidophilus
and
L. Casei
. No difference was found between the growth of the samples exposed to RF-EMF for 15 minutes compared to that of sham-exposed bacteria. In addition, lactic acid concentration in
L. acidophilus
medium was amplified after 15, 30 and 45 minutes of exposure. However, in
L. Casei
samples, only 30 and 60 min exposures could stimulate the production of lactic acid.
Conclusion:
L. acidophilus
and
L. Casei
probiotic bacteria exposed for a short time to radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation (RF-EMF) generated by a widely used commercial Wi-Fi router show significantly increased proliferation and lactic acid production.
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