Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) has the widest host range (> 1000 plant species) of any known plant virus, a large number of vector species, and a wide geographical distribution. A survey was conducted to determine the incidence of CMV of subgroups I and II on selected host crops in northern Iran. A total of 935 leaf samples from 10 host crops (tomato, pea, tobacco, soybean, watermelon, broad bean, squash, cucumber, eggplant, and lettuce) showing virus disease-like symptoms were collected in 12 cities of Golestan and Mazandaran provinces (northern Iran) during 2009 and 2010. Among the field samples tested by double-antibody sandwich ELISA (DAS-ELISA), 275 samples were found to be infected by CMV. These were subsequently evaluated by compound ELISA with monoclonal antibodies. We found that 198 samples were infected by subgroup I, 98 samples by subgroup II and 45 samples by both virus subgroups. Twenty-four samples showed no reaction in compound ELISA. In presented paper, CMV subgroups I and II (CMV-I and CMV-II) have been reported for the first time on soybean, pea and eggplant in Iran, with subgroup I being dominant in the north of the country.
In November 2018 severe downy mildew infection was observed on summer savory plants in Kermanshah Province, Iran. Leaves on infected plants displayed chlorosis-browning on the upper surfaces and abundant dark gray-brown sporulation of the asexual morph on the lower surfaces. Based on the morphological characteristics and molecular analyses using ITS-1 and ITS-4, the species was identified as Peronospora saturejae-hortensis. The nucleotide sequence of this pathogen had a very high (99.9%) identity with a previously reported sequence of P. saturejae-hortensis from Germany. The possibility of infection on other native Satureja species in Iran is discussed.
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