ObjectiveTo compare the effects of low intensity ultrasound (LIUS), traditional exercise therapy (TET), low level laser therapy (LLLT) and TET on temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain and trismus following recovery from head and neck cancer (HNC).MethodsSixty participants following, who had experienced HNC, were randomly allocated to three groups of 20 people each. Each group received different therapy. Group A received LIUS and TET; group B received LLLT and TET; while group C received TET. All 60 participants were evaluated under the visual analog scale (VAS), the University of Washington Quality of Life questionnaire (UW-QOL) and the Vernier caliper scale (VCS) at the beginning of the therapies and after 4 weeks.ResultsANOVA test revealed significant improvements across all three groups with outcomes of p<0.05. The results of the UW-QOL questionnaire showed a significant difference between groups A, B and C in favor of group A (p<0.05). The VAS results showed a more improvement in group A as compared to group B (p<0.05), while there was no statistical difference between groups B and C (p>0.05). The VCS results showed more improvement for the individuals in group B as compared to those in group C (p<0.05), while there was minimal difference between groups A and B (p>0.05).ConclusionThe LIUS and TET are more effective than LLLT and/or TET in reducing TMJ pain and trismus following HNC.
Objectives: To compare the efficacy of pulsed electromagnetic field therapy (PEMFT) versus transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in the treatment of post-herpetic neuralgia of the sciatic nerve.Methods: A double-blinded randomized clinical study has included 56 patients (18 males and 38 females). Participants were randomly and equally assigned into 2 groups. Both groups received conventional physical therapy treatment. Moreover, group (A) has an additional TENS, and group (B) had PEMFT. Both modalities were applied once daily, 3 times a week for 20 minutes for 8 successive weeks. Visual analog scale (VAS) and carbamazepine intake (CMI) dose have been assessed before and after interventions.Results: There was a significant decrease in VAS and CMI post-treatment in group A and B compared with that pretreatment (P > .001). The percent decrease in VAS and CMI in group A were 72.44% and 69.47% respectively and that for group B was 68.95% and 67.94% respectively. The findings revealed a non-significant difference in VAS and CMI (P > .05) between groups. The Means of VAS and CMI were (2.4 ± 0.78, 204.5 ± 16.76 and 2.67 ± 0.9, 210.57 ± 16.5) in group A and group B respectively. The mean difference for VAS and CMI was (−0.27 and −6.07) between groups post-treatment respectively. Conclusion:Both TENS and PEMFT were effective and nearly equivalent in improving the post-herpetic neuralgia of the sciatic nerve as measured by in VAS and CMI. Clinical recommendations should be highlighted to instigate the using of TENS and PEMFT in the management of post-herpetic neuralgia of the sciatic nerve.Abbreviations: CMI = carbamazepine intake, HZ = herpes zoster, PEMFT = pulsed electromagnetic field therapy, PHN = post herpetic neuralgia, TENS = transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, VAS = visual analog scale, VZV = varicella zoster virus.
Objective To investigate the effect of aqua therapy resistance exercise on arm volume, pain, and shoulder range of movements in post-mastectomy lymphedema.Methods This was a single-blind randomized controlled trial. Fifty eligible breast cancer survivors (median, 10 years after surgery) with lymphedema (median, 21% inter-limb difference) were assigned randomly to group A (n=25) or control group B (n=25). The study group underwent 60 minutes of aqua therapy exercise comprising of warm-up for 10 minutes, 40 minutes of strengthening exercises, and 10 minutes of cooling down, three times a week for 8 weeks. The control group underwent 60 minutes of land-based exercise three times a week for 8 weeks. Arm volume calculated by measuring the arm circumference, shoulder flexion, and abduction range of motion (ROM), and pain using a visual analog scale (VAS) were assessed at baseline and after 8 weeks of treatment.Results There was a statistically significant difference in limb volume, shoulder flexion and abduction ROM, and VAS scores in favor of the study group (p<0.001) after 8 weeks of intervention. The mean±standard deviation for limb volume, shoulder flexion, abduction, and pain score were 2,108.71±200.97 mL, 169.68°±4.54°, 150.44°±3.92°, and 3.16±1.1 in the study group and 2,256.41±186.94 mL, 147.36°±5.32°, 131.32°±4.38°, and 5.68±0.94 in the control group, respectively.Conclusion Adding aqua therapy resistance exercise to routine physical therapy might be more effective in decreasing the limb volume and pain intensity and improving ROM of the shoulder in postmastectomy lymphedema.
Objective: To investigate the additive effects of whole-body vibration (WBV) training to the traditional physical therapy program (TPTP) on balance control, postural stability, and mobility after thermal burn injuries. Design: A single-blinded, randomized controlled study. Setting: Outpatient physical therapy setting. Participants: Forty participants, 20–45 years old, with deep second-degree thermal burn involving the lower limbs and trunk, with 35%–40% total body service area, were randomly allocated either into the study group or the control group. Intervention: The study group received WBV plus TPTP while the control group received the TPTP only. Interventions were applied three sessions a week for eight weeks. Outcome measures: Anteroposterior stability index (APSI), mediolateral stability index (MLSI), overall stability index (OSI), timed-up and go (TUG), and Berg balance scale (BBS) were measured at baseline and after eight weeks of interventions. Results: There were statistically significant differences in APSI, MLSI, OSI, BBS, and TUG in favor of the WBV group after eight weeks of intervention ( P < 0.001). After eight weeks of intervention, the mean (SD) for APSI, MLSI, OSI, BBS, and TUG scores were 1.87 ± 0.51, 41.36 ± 0.18, 1.95 ± 0.56, 47.2 ± 6.12, and 8.15 ± 1.05 seconds in the WBV group, and 2.41 ± 0.71, 2.21 ± 0.54, 2.68 ± 0.73, 40.65 ± 4.7, and 10.95 ± 2.44 seconds in the control group, respectively. Conclusions: The whole-body vibration training combined with the TPTP was more beneficial in improving APS, MLS, OSI, TUG, and BBS than TPTP alone. It might be considered a useful adjunctive therapy in treating patients with healed wounds with a deep second-degree burn of the trunk and lower limbs.
Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of adding a supervised physical therapy exercise program to photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) in the treatment of cervicogenic somatosensory tinnitus (CST).Methods: Forty patients suffering from CST with age 45-55 years were included in the study. They were assigned randomly into 2 groups, 20 per each. (Study group) Group (A) received a supervised physical therapy exercise program in addition to 20 minutes PBMT with a 650-nanometer wavelength and a 5 milliWatt power output, spot size of 1 cm 2 , and energy density of 6 Joules, 3 sessions per week for 8 consecutive weeks, plus traditional medical treatment. While (control group), group (B) received the same PBMT protocol, 3 sessions per week for 8 consecutive weeks in addition to the traditional medical treatment. Tinnitus visual analog scaling (VAS), tinnitus handicap inventory (THI), and cervical range of motion (ROM) were measured at baseline and after 8 weeks.Results: Mixed MANOVA showed a statistically significant reduction in tinnitus VAS, THI, and a significant improvement in cervical ROM (flexion, extension, right bending, left bending, right rotation, and left rotation) in favor of Group A (P < .05). There was a significant decrease in posttreatment VAS treatment (P > .001) MD [−2.05(−2.68:−1.41)], and THI relative to pretreatment mean difference [−5.35(−8.51: −2.19)] and a significant increase in posttreatment neck ROM in Groups A and B relative to pretreatment neck ROM (P > .001). Flexion range posttreatment MD
Introduction. Cellulite is associated with variations in the skin appearance with cottage cheese, mattress-like, or orange peel. The most common areas for these lesions are the posterior or upper thighs and buttocks and mainly affect females after puberty. The objective of the study was to determine whether extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) or manual lymphatic drainage (MLD) is more effective for the reduction of the grade of cellulite after liposuction. Methods. This study is a single-blinded randomized controlled clinical trial. Thirty females with grade 3 cellulite were randomly distributed into two groups equal in number (n = 15), group A was equipped to ESWT and group B was equipped to MLD. The cellulite grading scale was used to assess cellulite grade, and the skinfold caliper was used to assess the thickness of subcutaneous fat. The assessment was carried out before and four weeks after starting the treatment. Both groups received topical retinol twice daily for four weeks; in addition, group A received ESWT, while group B received MLD, two times/week for 4 weeks. Results. The mean values of the skinfold caliper in group A decreased by 24.4% and in group B by 15.38% with a significant difference between the two groups p < 0.001 . Also, the mean values of the cellulite grading scale decreased significantly after treatment in group A compared with the mean values of group B p < 0.001 . Conclusions. There was more reduction in the grade of cellulite and thickness of subcutaneous fat in the ESWT group than the MLD group after liposuction.
Objective: To assess the effectiveness of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) combined with selected physical therapy exercise program on male patients with pudendal neuralgia. Design: A double-blinded randomized controlled study. Setting: Out-patient setting. Participants: Fifty-two male participants with pudendal neuralgia (30–50 years) were allocated randomly into two groups; study and control. The same physical therapy exercises were applied to all participants, plus the same prescribed analgesic medication (Etodolac). Participants in the study group received additional TENS and sham TENS were given to those in control group. Intervention: Intervention lasted for 12 weeks, three sessions per week (60 minutes/session). Outcome measures: Numerical pain rating scale and daily Etodolac intake dose were measured before and after intervention. Results: Statistically significant differences were detected in numerical pain rating scale and daily Etodolac intake in favor of the study group ( P < 0.05). After 12 weeks of intervention, the mean ± SD for numerical pain rating scale and daily Etodolac intake were 4.25 ± 1.9 and 259.25 ± 84.4 mg, in the study group, and 6.22 ± 2.22 and 355.55 ± 93.36 mg in the control group, respectively. The mean difference (95% CI) for numerical pain rating scale and daily Etodolac intake was −1.97 (−3.09: −0.83) and −96.3 (−144.9: −47.69), between groups post treatment, respectively. Conclusion: Adding TENS to physical therapy exercise program is more effective than physical therapy program alone in improving pain in male patients with pudendal neuralgia as measured by numerical pain rating scale and daily analgesic intake dose.
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