Laser communication between satellites in the constellation and from the satellites to ground stations offers a gigantic data rate for the users. This principal advantage drives telecom companies to develop this technology to use it like a carrier signal, the most disadvantage of this technology is the need to very complicated pointing systems between the transmitter and the receiver due to a very small beam divergence, continually moving of satellites in orbits and the distance between the satellites (tens of thousands of kilometers). The laser beam suffers continuously from several factors like atmospheric turbulences, internal and external vibrations. All these factors lead to an increase in the bit errors rate and cause degradation in the communication quality. This paper deals with a new method of modelisation of external effects in transmission of signal light from a ground station to the satellite through atmospheric disturbances. Indeed, an in-depth investigation, of the influences of satellite vibrationsinlaser signal transmission between satellites constellation, has been conducted by studying the effect of the intensity of vibrations on the optical signal amplitude. Some solutions are proposed to improve the efficiency of optical satellites communications.
The aim of this paper is to develop a mathematical model to adapt the telescope aperture transmitter and system gain with the variations of the amplitudes of vibration in Laser satellites. Indeed, the use of optical radiation as an information carrier between satellites generates an angle of very narrow beam divergence due to the large distance between the satellites. Pointing from one satellite to the other becomes complicated because of the scoring system caused by two vibration sources: internal and external. The results show that to obtain a minimum BER (Bit Error Rate) dispelling the minimum possible power requires the use of a very narrow laser beam having a very shallow angle divergence. In addition, a system with an optimized telescope aperture transmitter provides more efficient results compared to the standard system.
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