The data presented here provide information about the role of reconstruction parameters on Positron Emission Tomography (PET) image quantification. Multiple phantom measurements in four different Spheres to Background Ratio (SBR) were performed on Biograph 6 TruePoint TrueV PET/CT scanner. PET raw data were reconstructed with/without resolution recovery algorithm using six various iteration x subsets with five different Full-Width Half-Maximum (FWHM) values of Gaussian post-smoothing filter. The Recovery Coefficient (RC) of six spheres using three common Volume of Interest (VOI) methods (max, 3D-50% Isocontour, and peak) were calculated. Moreover, SUV
max
, SUV
mean
, and SUV
peak
and volumetric indices, such as metabolic tumor volume (MTV), volume recovery coefficient (VRC), and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) were measured. RC
max
, RC
50%,
and RC
peak
as a function of sphere size were plotted in all reconstruction methods considering different SBRs. The data could be noticeable for standardization and optimization of quantitative metrics in PET imaging.
Background: Harmonization methods reduce variability between different make and models of positron emission tomography (PET) scanners. The study aims to explore harmonization strategies that lead to comparable and robust quantitative metrics in a multicenter setting.Methods: NEMA IEC Phantom data acquisition was performed for low and high spheres-to-background ratios (SBR4:1 and 10:1) on six PET/CT (computed tomography) scanners. Different reconstruction sets, including the number of sub-iterations, number of subsets, and full width at half maximum (FWHM) for each scanner, were evaluated towards optimized and harmonized reconstruction settings. Recovery coefficients (RCs) of four quantitative metrics, including standardized uptake value (SUV) max , SUV (SUV mean in 50% isocontour), SUV peak , and mean uptake of 10 highest concentration voxels were evaluated as RC max , RC ISO-50 , RC peak , and RC 10V , representing percent difference relative to the static ground truth case as functions of sphere sizes. A set of image reconstruction parameters was proposed for harmonized reconstruction to minimize variability between scanners. The root mean square error (RMSE), curvature, and reproducibility were examined. The proposed reconstruction protocols for harmonization and standard clinical reconstruction settings were compared to each other across all scanners.Results: A significant difference (P value <0.0001) was observed in the aforementioned quantitative metrics between SBR10 and SBR4. Reconstruction parameter sets with the smallest RMSE and RC values within 10% bias were identified as the best candidate for harmonization. The coefficient of variation of the mean value of RCs (CV MRC ) shows a remarkable reduction of about 28%, 26%, 32%, and 19% in harmonized reconstruction settings for MRC max , MRC ISO-50 , MRC peak , and MRC 10V , respectively. CV MRC for MRC 10V in the harmonized reconstruction setting was 5.9% in SBR4, while the smallest value in SBR10 belongs to MRC peak, with a value of 5.8%. The reproducibility of RC is improved by deriving the value from ten hottest voxels and is equally reproducible with RC peak . Compared to RC max and RC ISO-50 , the variability is reduced by 18% and 22% if ten voxels are pooled.
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