Here, we present the construction of an attenuated herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1)-vectored vaccine, expressing three liver-stage (LS) malaria parasite exported proteins (EXP1, UIS3 and TMP21) as fusion proteins with the VP26 viral capsid protein. Intramuscular and subcutaneous immunizations of mice with a pooled vaccine, composed of the three attenuated virus strains expressing each LS antigen, induced sterile protection against the intravenous challenge of Plasmodium yoelii 17X-NL salivary gland sporozoites. Our data suggest that this malaria vaccine may be effective in preventing malaria parasite infection using practical routes of immunization in humans.
We generated highly chloroquine (CQ)-resistant (ResCQ)
Plasmodium yoelii
parasites by stepwise exposure to increasing concentrations of CQ and CQ-sensitive parasites (SenCQ) by parallel mock treatments. No mutations in genes that are associated with drug resistance were detected in ResCQ clones.
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