Several clinical trials have shown the superiority of high-dose therapy (HDT) and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) over conventional dose therapy for patients with multiple myeloma. There is limited experience with non-cryopreserved autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Between January 2004 and February 2010, we treated 38 patients with myeloma (mean age = 50.6) with a preparative regimen of Melphalan 140-200 mg/m(2) and non-cryopreserved ASCT. All the apheresis products were kept in a conventional blood bank refrigerator at 4°C for 2 d before infusion. The median time to platelet count of >20 × 10(9) /L was 13 d (range 10-31). Also, the median time to absolute neutrophil count >0.5 × 10(9) /L was 11 d (range 9-21). All the 38 patients were engrafted and there was not graft failure in this study group. Twenty-nine of 38 (76.3%) patients are alive and without disease activity after a median follow-up of 31 months (range 6-77). Responses (complete and partial response) were seen in all the 38 patients. The median progression-free survival was 27 months with 95% confidence interval 23.52-30.48, whereas the median overall survival was 30 months. One hundred days transplant-related mortality was 0%. HDT and autologous transplantation without cryopreservation is an effective and safe method which simplifies the procedure and is feasible and cost saving in our patients.

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Conclusions: These data demonstrate the safety and feasibility of BEAM-like regimen as a new and modified regimen; longer follow-up is required to evaluate fully efficacy and long-term safety of our method.

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