Dy-doped ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized with a sonochemical method. X-ray diffraction, inductively coupled plasma, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV−vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy analyses confirmed the successfully synthesis and nanometric diameter of the samples. Dy-doped ZnO nanoparticles were used for photocatalytic decolorization of C. I. Acid Red 17 solution under visible light irradiation. Among different amounts of dopant agent, 3% Dy-doped ZnO nanoparticles indicated the highest decolorization. Decolorization efficiency increased from 14.3 to 57.0% with an increase in catalyst dosage from 0.25 to 1 g/L, while further increment in the catalyst dosage up to 2 g/L caused an obvious decrease in decolorization efficiency. The addition of 0.1 mM peroxydisulfate (S 2 O 8 2−) resulted in a decolorization efficiency of nearly 100% after irradiation for 180 min. The trend of inhibitory effect in the presence of different radical scavengers was Cl − > C 2 H 5 OH > HCO 3 − > CO 3 2− .

A Ni/Co–MOF-based supercapacitor electrode exhibited high specific capacitance, and good rate and cycling performance.

In this contribution, we report an efficient approach to multiplex electrospray ionization (ESI) sources for applications in analytical and preparative mass spectrometry. This is achieved using up to four orthogonal injection inlets implemented on the opposite sides of an electrodynamic ion funnel interface. We demonstrate that both the total ion current transmitted through the mass spectrometer and the signal-to-noise ratio increase by 3.8-fold using four inlets compared to one inlet. The performance of the new multiplexing approach was examined using different classes of analytes covering a broad range of mass and ionic charge. A deposition rate of >10 μg of mass-selected ions per day may be achieved by using the multiplexed sources coupled to preparative mass spectrometry. The almost proportional increase in the ion current with the number of ESI inlets observed experimentally is confirmed using gas flow and ion trajectory simulations. The simulations demonstrate a pronounced effect of gas dynamics on the ion trajectories in the ion funnel, indicating that the efficiency of multiplexing strongly depends on gas velocity field. The study presented herein opens up exciting opportunities for the development of bright ion sources, which will advance both analytical and preparative mass spectrometry applications.

Atom‐by‐atom substitution is a promising strategy for designing new cluster‐based materials, which has been used to generate new gold‐ and silver‐containing clusters. Here, the first study focused on atom‐by‐atom substitution of Fe and Ni to the core of a well‐defined cobalt sulfide superatom [Co6S8L6]+ ligated with triethylphosphine (L = PEt3) to produce [Co5MS8L6]+ (M = Fe, Ni) is reported. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry confirms the substitution of 1–6 Fe atoms with the single Fe‐substituted cluster being the dominant species. The Fe‐substituted clusters oxidize in solution to generate dicationic species. In contrast, only a single Ni‐substituted cluster is observed, which remains stable as a singly charged species. Collision‐induced dissociation experiments indicate the reduced stability of the [Co5FeS8L6]+ toward ligand loss in comparison with the unsubstituted and Ni‐substituted counterparts. Density functional theory calculations provide insights into the effect of metal atom substitution on the stability and electronic structures of the clusters. The results indicate that Fe and Ni have a different impact on the electronic structure, optical, and magnetic properties, as well as ligand‐core interaction of [Co6S8L6]. This study extends the atom‐by‐atom substitution strategy to the metal chalcogenide superatoms providing a direct path toward designing novel atomically precise core‐tailored superatoms.

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