No abstract
Bacteriophages are an invaluable source of novel genetic diversity. Sequencing of phage genomes can reveal new proteins with potential uses as biotechnological and medical tools, and help unravel the diversity of biological mechanisms employed by phages to take over the host during viral infection. Aiming to expand the available collection of phage genomes, we have isolated, sequenced, and assembled the genome sequences of four phages that infect the clinical pathogen Klebsiella pneumoniae: vB_KpnP_FBKp16, vB_KpnP_FBKp27, vB_KpnM_FBKp34, and Jumbo phage vB_KpnM_FBKp24. The four phages show very low (0-13%) identity to genomic phage sequences deposited in the Genbank database. Three of the four phages encode tRNAs and have a GC content very dissimilar to that of the host. Importantly, the genome sequences of the phages reveal potentially novel DNA packaging mechanisms as well as distinct clades of tubulin spindle and nucleus shell proteins that some phages use to compartmentalize viral replication. Overall, this study contributes to uncovering previously unknown virus diversity, and provides novel candidates for phage therapy applications against antibiotic-resistant K. pneumoniae infections.
treated with a 500 mg (total dose) regimen of intra- Case reportvenous amphotericin B over 14 days. Convalescence was uneventful, and urine and blood cultures taken before A 68-year-old man with a medical history significant for multiple sclerosis and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus discharge were negative. CT of the pelvis 7 days after surgery showed resolution of the abscess (Fig. 2). presented from a nursing home with fever, chills and lethargy. Vital signs included a temperature of 40°C, blood pressure of 80/50 mmHg and a heart rate of Comment 150 b.p.m. The rest of the physical examination was unremarkable except for the presence of a condom Fungal abscesses of the prostate are rare, with only three culture-proven cases caused by Candida species reported catheter draining cloudy urine. The initial white blood cell (WBC) count was 42 000/L, the serum creatinine in the English literature [1][2][3]. In one case, a patient with diabetes mellitus and an indwelling Foley catheter 15 mg/L, blood glucose 5.2 g/L and urine analysis showed >50 WBC per high power field (HPF). The had C. albicans as a sole isolate on culture of the abscess patient was admitted to the intensive care unit with a presumed diagnosis of urosepsis. He was hydrated, begun on intravenous piperacillin/tazobactam and gentamicin, and had a Foley catheter placed. Urine and blood were cultured and later yielded Candida glabrata (>105 c.f.u/mL); the initial urine culture yielded a mixed growth of Staphylococcus aureus (0.5-0.75×105 c.f.u./ mL) and Streptococcus viridans (>105 c.f.u./mL). One month before presentation the patient developed a UTI from S. aureus (>105 c.f.u./mL). Then he presented with a fever of 38.3°C and had >20 WBC/HPF on urine analysis. He was treated with a 14-day course of cephalexin and the fever subsided; a repeat urine culture biotics and hydration, becoming haemodynamically stable with an associated reduction in WBC count. However, he continued to have daily temperature increases to 39.5-40°C. CT of the abdomen and pelvis showed a well-defined area of low attenuation, primarily involving the right lobe of the prostate (Fig. 1). A DRE then detected an enlarged, boggy and slightly tender gland. TRUS confirmed the presence of a well-defined hypoechoic area within the capsule of the prostate, consistent with the presumed diagnosis of prostatic abscess. The patient underwent TURP and the prostatic abscess was unroofed; #25 mL of purulent material was expressed from the abscess and sent for culture. A 24 F Foley catheter was left indwelling. Intraoperative cultures on Sabouraud agar yielded C. glabrata. The patient was 450
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