Significant
potential of electronic textiles for wearable applications
has triggered active studies of luminescent fibers toward smart textile
displays. In spite of notable breakthroughs in the lighting fiber
technology, a class of information displays with a luminescent fiber
network is still underdeveloped due to several formidable challenges
such as limited electroluminescence fiber performance, acute vulnerability
to chemical and mechanical factors, and lack of decent engineering
schemes to form fibers with robust interconnectable pixels for two-dimensional
matrix addressing. Here, we present a highly feasible strategy for
organic light-emitting diode (OLED) fiber-based textile displays that
can overcome these issues by implementing prominent solution options
including compatible fabrication method of OLED pixel arrays on adapted
fiber configurations and chemically/mechanically sturdy but electrically
conductive passivation system. To create solid interconnectable OLED
fibers without compromising the high electroluminescence performance,
phosphorescence OLED materials are deposited onto process-friendly
fibers of rectangular stripes, where periodically patterned OLED pixels
are selectively passivated with robust polymer and circumventing metal
pads by a stamp-assisted printing method. A woven textile of interlaced
interconnectable OLED fibers with perpendicularly arranged conductive
fibers serves as a matrix-addressable two-dimensional network that
can be operated by the passive matrix scheme. Successful demonstrations
of stably working woven OLED textile in the water, as well as under
the applied tensile force, support feasibility of the present approach
to reify fully addressable, environmentally durable, fiber-based textile
displays.
Wearable electronic devices are being developed because of their wide potential applications and user convenience. Among them, wearable organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) play an important role in visualizing the data signal processed in wearable electronics to humans. In this study, textile-based OLEDs were fabricated and their practical utility was demonstrated. The textile-based OLEDs exhibited a stable operating lifetime under ambient conditions, enough mechanical durability to endure the deformation by the movement of humans, and washability for maintaining its optoelectronic properties even in water condition such as rain, sweat, or washing. In this study, the main technology used to realize this textile-based OLED was multi-functional near-room-temperature encapsulation. The outstanding impermeability of TiO2 film deposited at near-room-temperature was demonstrated. The internal residual stress in the encapsulation layer was controlled, and the device was capped by highly cross-linked hydrophobic polymer film, providing a highly impermeable, mechanically flexible, and waterproof encapsulation.
Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) fibers with favorable electroluminescence properties and interconnectable pixel configurations have represented the potential for wearable electronic textile displays. Nevertheless, the current technology of OLED fiber-based textile displays still leaves to be desired due to several challenges, including limited emission area and lack of encapsulation systems. Here we present a fibrous OLED textile display that can attain a large emission area and long-term stability by implementing addressable networks comprised of integrated phosphorescence OLED fibers and by designing multilayer encapsulations. The integrated fiber configuration offers decoupled functional fiber surfaces for an interconnectable 1-dimensional OLED pixel array and a data-addressing conductor. Tailored triadic metal/ultrathin oxide/polymer multilayer enables not only the oxygen/water permeation inhibition but also the controllable conductive channels of dielectric antifuses. Together with reliable bending stability, the long-term operation of OLED textiles in water manifests the feasibility of the present device concept toward water-resistant full-emitting-area fibrous textile displays.
Smart displays have been integrated into our daily life, providing new concepts of interconnections between humans and interactivity with close collaboration
Increasing demand for real-time healthcare monitoring is leading to advances in thin and flexible optoelectronic device-based wearable pulse oximetry. Most previous studies have used OLEDs for this purpose, but did not consider the side effects of broad full-width half-maximum (FWHM) characteristics and single substrates. In this study, we performed SpO2 measurement using a fiber-based quantum-dot pulse oximetry (FQPO) system capable of mass production with a transferable encapsulation technique, and a narrow FWHM of about 30 nm. Based on analyses we determined that uniform angular narrow FWHM-based light sources are important for accurate SpO2 measurements through multi-layer structures and human skin tissues. The FQPO was shown to have improved photoplethysmogram (PPG) signal sensitivity with no waveguide-mode noise signal, as is typically generated when using a single substrate (30–50%). We successfully demonstrate improved SpO2 measurement accuracy as well as all-in-one clothing-type pulse oximetry with FQPO.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.