A protocol for indirect micro propagation of Thymus vulgaris was developed using shoots tips explants derived from ex vitro mother plants. Murashige and Skoog (MS) Medium with different concentrations of auxins (NAA, IAA and 2,4-D) alone or in combination with different cytokinins (BA and Kin) were used to induce callus formation. MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D at 2 mg/L in combination with Kin at 1 mg/L produced the highest callus formation percentage of 100 % and significantly counted spectacularly callus fresh weight of 9.56 g. The highest Callus regeneration percentage (100 %) commitment to the highest significant shoots number (23.42 shoots/ explant) were obtained on MS medium provided with BA at 2.5 mg/L. The preferable rooting of shoots was obtained on MS medium half strength augmented with 30 g/L sucrose and NAA at 1.5 mg/L. On this medium, 100 % of the shoots produced roots with a mean number of 19.83 roots per shoot. Shoots with well-developed roots were successfully established in pots filled with mixture of soil: peat moss (1: 1 v/v). The survived plantlets had a survival rate of 98 %.
The current research was conducted at Vegetable and Floriculture Department in the experimental station and tissue culture laboratory, Agriculture Faculty, Mansoura University. The objective of this research was to develop a direct plant regeneration of a valuable aromatic and medicinal plant (Thymus vulgaris) by in vitro culture of shoot tips or nodal segments from mature plants on MS medium supplemented with different cytokinin type at different concentrations. Nodal segments were found to be more efficient than shoot tips for Thymus vulgaris shoots regeneration on MS medium (Murashig and Skoog 1962) supplemented with 6-benzyladenine (BA) at 2 mg/L. The best elongation was obtained on MS medium supplemented with BA at 2 mg/L in combination with GA 3 at 0.5 mg/L. The best rooting of shoots was obtained on MS medium augmented with αnaphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) at 1.5 mg/L. Regenerated plants were successfully established in pots filled with mixture of soil: peat moss (1: 1 v/v). In vitro Thymus vulgaris plants had a survival rate of 100 %, and showed healthy and uniform growth.
Now a day, finding alternatives to chemical fertilizers without reduction of yield becomes urgent need for saving the environment. So, two field experiments were performed at Experimental Farm of Gemmiza, Agricultural Research Station, El-Ghrbiah Governorate, Egypt during the two growing seasons of 2016 and 2017 to investigate the influence of different fertilizers types, i.e., mineral fertilizers (100 % as a control), organic fertilizers (plant compost and farmyard manure), bio-fertilizer and different applications of some stimulants on improving the vegetative growth, fruit yield and essential oil constituents of Coriandrum sativum L plant. The findings showed that coriander plants treated with compost plant had the highest values of all studied parameters as compared to the plants treated with farmyard manure. Within the foliar nonmineral applications; the best values of all studied traits of coriander plants were obtained by using compost before planting and Humic acid plus seaweeds which improved plant growth, yield and essential oil yields. In addition, the highest values of the main component (linalool) were associated with the same previous treatment.
This research was carried out at the Experimental Farm of Agricultural and in the Laboratory of the Vegetable and Floriculture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University during the two successive seasons 2014 and 2015 in order to investigate the effect of foliar spray with NPK, micro nutrients and amino acids on the vegetative growth and volatile oil percentage of thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) plants.Treatments included three levels of each of NPK (20-20-20) alone, NPK+ micronutrients andNPK + micronutrients + amino acids, and untreated control. One year old plants in 30 cm plastic pots were cut to 5 cm from the soil surface and sprayed 5 times (at 15 days intervals) with NPK (20-20-20) solution at low, medium, and high levels(175, 350, 700 mg/L). In addition other plants were sprayed at three levels with Low, medium and high (50, 100, and 200 mg/L)concentrations with each of Disper complex fertilizer (micronutrients)andAmino mineral fertilizer (NPK + micronutrient + amino acids) solution. NPK (20-20-20) fertilizer concentrations were added separately to Disper complex treatments, so that each 50 mg contained 571 mg/L NPK, each 100 mg/L contained 350mg/L NPK, and the 200mg/L contained 700 mg/L NPK (20-20-20). The control (non-fertilized) plants were sprayed with water only. Data were studied on vegetative growth parameters and volatile oil percentage in the dry herb after the last spray by 15 days. The results showed that all fertilizer treatments improved vegetative growth and oil percentage compared with the control. The high level of fertilizers resulted in taller plants, more herb fresh and dry weight, more number of branches per plant, and more oil percentage compared with the other two levels. The high level of Amino mineral (200 mg/L) and Disper complex (200mg/L + 700 mg/L NPK) produced taller plants than the high level of NPK treatment (700 mg/L). The high level of Amino mineral treatment (200 mg/L) produced the tallest plants, highest herb fresh and dry weight, and number of branches per plant in addition to volatile oil percentage in the dry herb. In most cases, the high level of Disper complex treatment ranked second after the high level of Amino mineral Treatment. These results indicated the importance of using microelements plus amino acids to increase growth and essential oil percentage of Thyme plants.
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