This study concerns 8 elderly patients with age-related chronic atrial fibrillation that required control of the ventricular response. The effects of oral administration of placebo, pindolol, verapamil, digoxin and digoxin + pindolol were assessed (each for a week) during three daily activity and sleep sessions, over a six-week period. Cardiac rhythm was monitored by taped electrocardiograms. Either digoxin or pindolol was effective, but digoxin was the best tolerated of all the drugs. A combination of pindolol and digoxin reduced the maximum ventricular rate without further depression of the minimum ventricular rate. Digoxin seems to be well tolerated in the control of atrial fibrillation in the elderly, and beta blockade may be a useful therapeutic adjunct.
We wish to add one similar case to Dr. Washington's series of seven patients of the so-called variant sick sinus syndrome and suggest one probable mechanism for this particular syndrome.Case Report. A 60-year-old white female was admitted to the special care unit following the sudden onset of abdominal pain associated with dizziness, nausea, and diarrhea I d prior to admission. She complained about persistent palpitations and an irregular rhythm with "skipping" of her heart beats.Previous medical history included a known history of primary hypothyroidism, presently treated with 0. I mg Synthroide every day. The patient denied any history of dizziness, syncope, chest pain, or other cardiac symptoms prior to this acute event.Physical examination revealed a slightly obese white female in no acute distress. Cardiac examination was essentially negative. Lab results indicated a borderline hypothyroid condition with a T4 of 5.6pg/dl (normal = 5.4-10.9) and a thyroid-stimulating hormone of 10 U (normal = less than 10 U). Other lab results, including cardiac enzymes, were all within normal limits. Monitor strips taken in the special care unit revealed persistent sinus bradycardia at 35 beats/ min. The admission ECG showed no evidence of an acute injury. A pacemaker insertion was considered, but subsequent ECGs revealed the true underlying etiology of this bradycardia to be blocked atrial bigeminy. The PACs were either conducted normally, with a right bundle branch block pattern, with first-degree A-V block and a left bundle branch block pattern, or blocked, depending on the critical R-P interval of the PAC. Several short runs of PAT were also observed.To evaluate sinus and A-V node function, sino-atrial conduction time was measured and found to be normal by both the Narula and Strauss methods. The sinus node recovery time was within normal limits. A negative response to carotid sinus massage ruled out carotid sinus hypersensitivity. Atrio-ventricular nodal conduction appeared to be within normal limits with an A-V Wenckebach type of block seen only at pacing rates of I50 beats/min. Administration of 0.5 mg atropine i.v. did not suppress atrial ectopy nor alter thesinus node recovery time. Intravenous administration of lnderale achieved abolition of the atrial bigeminy for approximately 45 s with a sinus bradycardia at 55 beats/min. This effect was only transient and atrial bigeminy recurred immediately.On the basis of the above study, the patient was restarted on Synthroid' replacement, 0.2 mg every day, and started on lnderala therapy, 20 mg per 0s every 6 h. Over the next 2 d, the patient demonstrated almost constant atrial bigeminy with little reduction in the episodes of blocked PACs. lnderal therapy was stopped and Pronestyle was started at 250 mg per 0s every 4 h and increased to 500 mg every 4 h. Atrial bigeminy continued, but the PACs occurred later in the cycle and the episodes of block became rare. Upon discharge, the patient was on a regimen of Synthroido, 0.2 mg every day, and Pronestyle, 500 mg per 0s every ...
Pindolol was administered orally (5 mg 8th-hourly) to 30 patients 5--19 (mean = 9.0 hrs) hours after onset of acute myocardial infarction. There were no serious side effects during the acute phase of infarction, only one hospital death and two late deaths at follow-up 2--82 (mean = 37 wks) weeks after hospital discharge. In contrast to healthy volunteers, patients with acute infarction had unpredictable absorption of pindolol from the gastrointestinal tract; this was attributable in part to concurrent administration of narcotic analgesics.
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