When rat hepatocytes were incubated with albumin complexed to the n-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), rather than to oleic acid (OA), the secretion of newly synthesized apoprotein B100 (apoB100) or B48 (apoB48) was reduced, despite stimulation of cellular triglyceride synthesis by all three fatty acids. When pulse-chase studies of apoB synthesis and secretion were performed in the presence of OA, EPA, or DHA, there were no significant changes in the initial synthetic rates of either apoB species. However, during the chase period, the total recovery of labeled apoB100 and apoB48 from the cell and medium was less in the n-3 fatty acid groups, so that by 150 min, approximately half as much labeled apoB was recovered as in the OA group. Overall, the decreased accumulation in medium of labeled apoB in the presence of EPA and DHA could be quantitatively accounted for by increased degradation of intracellular apoB. Thus, in the primary hepatocyte, apoB degradation is not constitutive, but can be regulated by n-3 fatty acids. (J. Clin. Invest. 1993.
Purpose: Collision detection of the patient with the proton gantry during treatment planning phase can reduce re‐planning effort and patient setup time. The collision detection in proton therapy should account for specific proton gantry design, treatment beam configuration, and patient geometry. Methods: The coordinates of the surface contour of the gantry head were captured from the proton CAD design and reconstructed relative to the isocenter. This reconstruction accounts for patient specific gantry rotation, snout position, collimator rotation and compensator dimensions based on patientˈs treatment plan. The patientˈs body contour and couch, captured from the CT structure DICOM file and CAD design, were also reconstructed relative to the isocenter while considering the couch angle from the treatment plan. The ray‐casting algorithm was applied to monitor collisions by determining if any of the patient and couch body points falls into the polygon formed by the proton gantry spatial contour. Results: A software program was developed for patient/couch‐gantry collision detection in proton therapy. We have successfully predicted collisions in real and artificially constructed treatment plan cases. The collision detection program is being clinically validated as an accurate and quick method to predict patient‐gantry collision in proton therapy. Conclusions: An accurate and quick patient‐specific collision detection program for proton therapy can be implemented and applied in treatment planning phase using proton CAD design and patient CT images.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.