Properties desired of ideal friction materials include high and stable friction, long durability, and no noise. These properties are determined by field testing using actual vehicles. However, evaluating all experimental friction materials by field testing would be very impractical. Thus friction materials are screened by various laboratory test methods prior to field testing. Laboratory test methods may include vehicles and various types of brake dynamometers. Ideally, results obtained from laboratory testing should be consistent with results obtained from field testing. In reality, however, correlations between laboratory testing and field testing may turn out to be good or poor depending on the equipment and test procedure selected as well as the property to be determined. Relative comparisons between friction material samples can be obtained by using a given test procedure on a selected piece of equipment. This paper describes and discusses various types of test equipment and procedures used for evaluating automotive friction materials.
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