Thermal degradation of low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) in the temperature range from 450 to 525°C has been studied using a sieve‐bottom reactor with inert gas as heat‐transferring agent bubbled through the PE melt. Temperature dependence of the degradation rate was determined. Full degradation of LDPE into gaseous and wax‐like hydrocarbons (alkanes and 1‐alkenes) was achieved. Temperature rise and prolonging of the contact time increased the yield of the gaseous hydrocarbons and decreased the molecular weight of the wax‐like product.
Unstabilized low‐density polyethylene undergoes oxidative destruction in air in the temperature range of 60 to 130°C. As a result gaseous products, mainly lower alkenes, and to the lesser extent lower alkanes are formed, oxygen is absorbed and the samples lose weight. The content of double bonds, OH and groups as well as the value of the surface free energy increases. The mechanical strength of the samples decreases.
Flame treatment is one of the most popular ways t o increase the surface free energy of polyethylene. Results of a detailed study of the influence of all processing parameters are presented. It was found that the quality of the product depends mainly on treatment time, gas consumption, height of the exposed surface, parameters of the burner nozzle and on excess-air coefficient. Mathematical treatment of experimental data allowed t o develop a mathematical model for the evaluation of optimum parameters for the efficient control of the oxidation process. Intensivierung der Oxidation yon Polyethylen niederer Dichte bei niedrigen Temperaturen durch GasflammenbehandlungDie Behandlung mit einer Flamme gehort zu den gebrauchlichsten Methoden zur Erhohung der freien Energie der Oberflache von Polyethylen. Die Ergebnisse einer Untersuchung des Einflusses aller ProzeWparameter werden mitgetcilt. Es wurde gefunden, daW die Qualitat der Behandlung hauptsachlich von Behandlungszeit, Gasverbrauch, Hohe der behandelten Oberflache uber dcr Brennerduse und vom LuftuberschuW abhangt. Die mathematische Behandlung der experimentellen Ergebnisse ermoglichte die Entwicklung eines mathematischen Modells fur die Auswahl optimaler Parameter zu einer wirksamen Kontrolle des Oxidationsprozesses. Bnmencu&ocayufi omcnenua nonuamunena MUBROB nnomnocmu npu HUBRUX me&nepamypax &emoaoA 0 6 p a 6 0 m~u i ? a~o t m~ n m m e n m OAHbIM I43 II3BeCTHbIX cnoco60~ IIOBbIUIeHIIR IIOBepXHOCTHOfi 3 H e p r M M RBJIReTCH 0 6 p a 6 0~~a er0 IIOBepXHOCTM r a 3 0 B b I M IIJIaMeHeM. B SaHHOfi p a 6 o~e IIpIIBOAHTCH IIOApO6HOe I I 3 y q e H I I e BJIIIHHHH BCeX AefiCTByIoU(HX @aKTOPOB. P e 3 y n b T a T 0 6 p a 6 0~m 3aBMCHT B OCHOBHOM OP IIpOAOJImIITWIbHOCTII O~~~~O T K M , p a C X O n a l"838, BbICOTbI 06pa6a~b1-BaeMOfi n n o 4 a p~, OT COIIJIa r o p e n K H II OT KO3@@HIJIIeHTa 1136bITHa B O 3 A y X a . G a H M OIITIIManbHbIB p e X I I M 0 6 p a 6 0 T K I 4 II M a T e M a T m e c K a R M o n e n b fin^ H a x o H t A e H m O n T m a n b H o r o pemma II o n e p a T m H o r o y n p a s n e H m n p o u e c c o M . Llonyuenue noauMepnaix ayemaaos u sgfiupos cmepouaosMOAH@HKaqHFI CBOfiCTB IIOJIMMepHblX JIeKapCTB 6b1na IIOJIyqeHa PeaKqHefi 3B-rI~APOKCH-CTepOH~OB C IIOJIHMepHbIMH HOCHTenRMH. CTeneHb aqeTaJIHpOBaHMH 3aBHCliJIa OT pOAa CTepOHaOB H pacTB0pHTeJIefi li COCTaBHna MaKCHManbHO 15%. B HaqeCTBe IIOJIHMepHblX HOClzTeJIefi HCIIOJIb30BaJIHCb COlIOJIHMepbI BHHMJIaqeTaTa H KpOTOHanbnerMAa, OKIlCJIeHHeM AeKCTpaHa C NaIO,. nOnHMepHbIe 3@HpbI ~M J I H IIOJIyqeHbI peaKqllefi 3B-rHAPOKCH-CTepOHAOB C Me'f-aKPHJIOHJlXJlOPHAOM H nOTOM C I I O M O q b H ) PaAHKaJIbHOm COIIOJIHMepH3aqHH C MeTaKPHJlOBOfi KHCJIOTOfi. KoTopMe BMJIH nojIyseHM panmanbHoft conon~~epm3aqmefi, a TaKxe geKcTpaHanbAerHA, I F O T O P H~~ 6b1n nonyseH
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