A study about the intensity attact of ant in dragon fruit (Hylocereus sp.) plantation was conducted on September 2015 in Pariaman City, West Sumatera. The ants were collected by using free collection method with purposive sampling techniques. About 10% of the dragon fruit plant in the study location was observed.The result showed that theintensity attack on dragon fruit was caused by fire ant Solenopsis geminata(25%).

Light exposure from the sun is the most crucial variable for producing optimal pitcher size and colour variation in Nepenthes. This study aimed to observe the effect of forest canopy structure on morphological character of Nepenthes ampullaria’s pitcher parts (longitudinal, front, and peristome) both on size and shape using Geometric morphometric (GM) approach and its prey diversity. We classified the forest canopy structure into two categories: inside the canopy and open space area (gap). We used Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) images to build Canopy Height Model (CHM). Then, ForestGapR R package used to analyse and generated the forest gaps area. The prey specimens and photograph samples comprised from 9 individuals with three lower pitchers in open space area with high light exposure as well as shaded area inside the canopy. Total of 54 images were marked by point and curve to generated a landmark analysis using GeoMorph R package. Based on GM analysis, we observed that the forest canopy structure could affect Nepenthes pitcher shape but not in pitcher size. Our field result revealed Nepenthes ampullaria likely dominated by darker colour with a red spot in the shaded area and bright green colour in the open. However, based on our study the pitcher in shaded area inside the canopy have a larger number of prey species than the open area.

The research on ant diversity at tobacco plantation in Sago Malintang Natural Reserve, West Sumatra, had been conducted on September 2019. This study aimed to determine the diversity of ants at the study site. Ant specimens were collected by using Quadra Protocol applied within two transects that arranged in the middle of plantation and at its edge. As result, 23 species belonged to 17 genera, eight tribes and five subfamilies were identified from 592 specimen collected. Both parts of plantation had moderate ant diversity (H’=2.25). Myrmicinae was subfamily with highest species number recorded (10 species), followed by Formicinae (five species), Ponerinae (four species), and Dolichoderinae (three species), while Pseudomyrmecinae only with one species. Carebara cf. affinis was recognized as common species on both transects. Hand collecting and soil core, two techniques used in Quadra Protocol, performed prominently in collecting specimen in this study. Further detail on research result, transect at the edge of tobacco plantation yielded 460 individuals identified into 21 species, 16 genera, eight tribes and five subfamilies while the transect inside plantation recorded 132 individuals that determined to be from 10 species, nine genera, five tribes and four subfamilies.