The radiation dose to the breasts should be kept to a minimum as breast tissues are highly sensitive to radiation. In mammography, the mean glandular dose (MGD) is used to specify the patient dose. In this study, data on the MGD during diagnostic mammographic examinations was collected using the database from six digital mammography facilities available in the Western Province in Sri Lanka. Examinations involving breast pathology, breast implants, or compressed breast thicknesses (CBT) outside the range of 20–110 mm were excluded in this study. The mean MGD per breast was 3.50 mGy, with a mean CBT of 57 mm. The mean MGD per facility varies from 1.58 to 2.27 mGy, with overall 75th and 95th percentiles of 2.15 and 2.82 mGy, respectively. The 75th and 95th percentile MGD per image, for the average CBT of 57 ± 12 mm, were 2.00 and 2.65 mGy respectively. The 75th percentile value of the MGD is suggested for the Western Province and it depends on the specific CBT.
Introduction:The aim of this study was to evaluate mean glandular dose (MGD) and image quality in low energy imaging from contrast-enhanced spectral mammography (CESM) when using double-layer filtration. Methodology: A dedicated phantom was used to quantitatively estimate the MGD and image quality. The target slab of the phantom consisted of three iodine coins having a concentration of 1.0 mgI/cm 3 , 2.0 mgI/ cm 3 , 4.0 mgI/cm 3 , a 100% adipose equivalent coin and a 100% glandular equivalent coin. The phantom was exposed using a semiautomated function at 28 k, 30 kV and 32 kV. MGD. Contrast to noise ratio (CNR) and figure of merit (FOM) were estimated for Mo/Rh, Mo/Rh þ Cu, Mo/Rh þ Al and Mo/Rh þ Cd combinations using three breast equivalent compositions. Results: MGD was reduced up to a maximum of 1.03 mGy from 1.17 mGy for 100% adipose tissue. 1.18 mGy from 1.34 mGy for 50% glandular tissue and 1.39 mGy from 1.72 mGy for the 100% glandular phantom when using double-layer filtration. All of the above-mentioned results were obtained for the 50 mm phantom using 32 kV. CNR and FOM values were not significantly reduced with a double-layer filter when compared to a single-layer filter. Conclusion:The present study concluded that Mo/Rh þ Cu is the best combination to reduce the MGD significantly when compared to Mo/Rh þ Al or Mo/Rh þ Cd. Mo/Rh þ Cu also achieved optimal image quality when compared to the Mo/Rh single filter combination. Implications of practice: The use of a double-layer filter in low energy imaging of CESM results in a significant reduction in MGD without degrading the quality of the image.
Digital Breast Tomosynthesis (DBT) is performing in high resolution limited angle tomography at radiographic dose levels. Advanced system facilitates the DBT along with 2 view Full Field Digital mammography (FFDM). The objectives of this study were to compare the Average Glandular Dose (AGD) ofDBT and FFDM and tocalculate the percentage of radiation dose reduction when using DBT with compare toFFDM. The study was carried out using data base of DBTsystem in a private hospital. In the investigation we analyzed dose of 251 patients who underwent mammographic examinations of both FFDM and DBT. All data analyses were done using IBM SPSS statistical software version 20.0.P-value 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. The explanatory variables were age, breast thickness, kVp, mAs, target/filter combination, and AGD values of DBT and FFDM. Mean values for the patient age and compressed breast thickness were 50 years and 49 mm(±11.9SD) respectively. The majority of the images were acquired using W/Rh target/filter combination and 51% patients came for the diagnostic mammograms and 49% for screening mammograms. A wide kVp range was observed for DBT than FFDM while mAs range was lower in DBT.According to the results total average glandular dose (TAGD) from FFDM and DBT for diagnostic was 4.21mGy (±1.46SD), for screening 4.04(±1.31SD) andthere was a statistically significant difference between mean values of TAGD. MeanAGD forMediolataral Oblique (MLO) view in DBT was 2.05mGy(±0.60SD), in FFDM 2.73mGy(±1.02SD).AGD for Craniocadal (CC) view in DBT was 1.63mGy(±0.36SD) and for FFDM it was 1.83mGy(±0.66SD).AGDto the breast from DBT was significantly lower than that for FFDM while range was lower in FFDM than DBT. There was a significant difference between mean values of CC and MLO views in DBT and FFDM (P<0.05). It was evident that AGD from DBT was lower than that for FFDMfurther AGD was reduced by 55.3% by using DBT with compared to TAGD,
Ionizing radiation is used in medical examinations. It causes microscopic damage to living tissue. Radiation protection in medical radiography provides vital information on radiation protection. The general objectives of this study were to describe the measures taken for radiation protection in the x-ray rooms at the departments of radiography of selected private hospitals in the municipal area of Kandy and the specific objectives were to find out the details of room designing with relevance to radiation protection and to compare above with the standard guidelines. This was a descriptive study.Three departments of x-ray of the private hospitals of the Kandy municipal area were selected as the sample of the study. Measurements were taken by using standard measuring tape. Data collection was done in a quantitative manner. Data analysis was done by comparing the measurements which were taken in hospitals with the AEA(Atomic Energy Authority, Sri Lanka) standards. Some of the major noncompliance was: x-ray room situated in high occupancy area at Hospital 1 ,Inadequate wall thickness of the xray room at Hospital 1 and Hospital 2,Entrance door opening to the occupancy area at Hospital 1,Interlock system or warning indicator was not attached to the door at three departments,Inadequate wall thickness of the control panel at Hospital 1,Incorrect construction material of the wall of the control panel was at Hospital 1,Erect bucky fixed as primary beam directed towards the occupied area at Hospital 2 and Hospital 3,Patient waiting area is provided in front of the entrance door at Hospital 2 etc. Compatible measurements with AEA standards at the three departments of radiography under study were:Room dimension was compatible with AEA standards,Material of the wall of the x-ray room,Type of the door,Lead thickness of the door,Number of doors kept minimum as described by the AEA standards,Lead glass thickness of the control panel. Radiation protection measures taken in designing of the x-ray room and installation of the x-ray machines at the departments of radiography of private hospitals in the municipal area of Kandy revealed that some important measurements in the departments under study are incompatible with AEA standards and most of them are compatible with AEA standards. .
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.