A theoretical study is written in the form of a short report on approaches to qualitative and quantitative assessment of health and physical performance. Physical, mental, social, sexual health, their relationship to physical performance, and measurability to assess and compare individual and population outcomes are discussed. Separate models of health quality assessment and its formation are noted. Philosophical systems of understanding health, psychological approaches to its study, pedagogical systems of formation are described. It was noted that the level of physical health of a person depends on his ability to maintain the balance of homeokinesis parameters. The significance of adaptation and dysadaptation processes is described. It is proposed to draw up a "vegetative passport" of a person with an indication of the vagosympathetic balance. Physical performance, which is often evaluated together with anthropometric data, aerobic and anaerobic endurance, neuromuscular coordination, flexibility, stress resistance, is taken into account when planning sports training and professional tasks with a difficult physical component. In ordinary life, it can be reduced due to the wide distribution of hypertension, coronary disease and smoking, and frequent vascular crises. Cardiorespiratory capacity (reserves) and exercise tolerance can be carefully determined using special functional tests. The relationship between physical capacity and health indicators determined in the study allows to objectively determine tolerance to physical exertion and compare capacity in the population and in different periods of a person's life. Keywords: models of health diagnosis, adaptation and maladaptation, homeokinesis, tolerance to physical exertion.
The review provides generalized data on the verification of the effectiveness of the method of alternative bioenergetic medicine Reiki of non-traditional bioenergy medicine Reiki with the tools of modern evidence-based medicine over the past two decades. The general principles of the therapy, the history of the method emergence and its spread in Japan, the USA and European countries are described. The purpose of the study. The study was conducted in order to determine the possibility of using the Reiki method in physical therapy and rehabilitation of patients. The most large-scale studies of Reiki effectiveness in pain overcoming, restoring the anatomical integrity of tissues and organs, functional range of motion and sensitivity recovery have been identified. It was noted that in small studies of Reiki effectiveness for overcoming anxiety, pain, depression, in the complex rehabilitation of victims of violence, some positive effects of the method were found, which are almost never taken into account by the authors of systematic and meta-analyzes due to the incomprehensible design of primary studies, low level of evidence, small groups of examined patients. There was no evidence of the effectiveness of the Reiki method in physical therapy and rehabilitation in contact, non-contact and remote execution. Even the existence of a "biofield", the correction of which is carried out by Reiki masters, is considered by most medical scientists to be fiction. However, individual facts about the improvement of the psychological state of patients, changes in biochemical parameters, as well as interest in the method by researchers from different countries over the past decades, are the basis for continuing research on the effectiveness of the method. Conclusion. The subjective satisfaction of some of the patients for whom the Reiki method was applied in rehabilitation and physical therapy exceeds the clinical effects verified by the methods of a double placebo-controlled randomized trial. Therefore, the Reiki method cannot be recommended as the only therapeutic method, but can be included in the complex of physical therapy methods as an additional method and provided that its action is understood as a placebo. Further studies of the method can be considered appropriate due to the good acceptance by many patients in the described studies, which were analyzed in the review, the interest of researchers from different countries and the absence of harm to patients
Bioenergy therapy method Reiki, existing since 1922, is widespread in Europe, Asia, North America, Australia, and the former Soviet Union. According to the US National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH), Reiki belongs to the methods of complementary and alternative medicine, but is increasingly used as a standard procedure in hospitals, hospices and rehabilitation centers. Most of the published results of Reiki efficacy studies relate to pain relief, anxiety, depression, and fatigue. The effects of Reiki for reducing the effects of strokes, epilepsy, normalization of the nervous, immune and endocrine systems in the rehabilitation and overcoming the effects of distress are studied. Studies concern humans, animals, and bacterial cultures. Special attention should be paid to recent studies conducted with a large number of patients, design and methods of evaluation of results that meet the standards of modern traditional evidence-based medicine. To determine promising areas for further research, PubMed information on the proven effects of Reiki on chronic and acute pain, stress-induced states, motor and sensitivity functions, immunity, metabolic and hormonal processes, inflammation, edema, microcirculation in the perspective of physical therapy and rehabilitation. Among the studies of the last twenty years are studies with small samples of patients and animals, which contain interesting hypotheses about the possible mechanisms of action of Reiki. In particular, this is a study by Dyer N.L. et al. (2019). The high interest of researchers in Reiki therapy and good acceptance of the method by many patients were noted. Researchers constantly note that the study of the effectiveness of Reiki should be continued, and determine what part of the effect belongs to the placebo. Other aspects of impact require standardization of methods, randomization, blinding, and strict control of results. Keywords: Reiki, physical therapy, rehabilitation, clinical effects, evidence-based medicine.
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