The current climate change threat by green house gas emissions from the combustion of fossil fuels has necessitated a search for alternative non-polluting, reliable, renewable and sustainable sources of energy such as solar energy and it’s derivatives. The present work focuses on power generation by Plant-Microbial Fuel Cell using Phragmitesaustralis (Reed plant). The plants were grown in fuel-cell, graphite as anode and carbon felt as cathode, separated by proton-exchange-membrane. During anaerobic microbial metabolism of carbohydrates in the roots, protons and electrons are released, the electrons are donated to the anode by the microbes. These electrons can be channeled through a circuit bearing a load to the cathode. In this work, carbon granules as substratum (control), red soil and carbon granules mixture (30:70) as substratum in varied condition was considered. For control substratum, the max.voltage measured was 0.327 V and power density of 2.06x10-3 mW m-2 was obtained. When red soil mixed with carbon granules in the ratio 30:70, the voltage measured was 0.6 V and the power density was found to be 3.78x10-3 mW m-2. When graded red soil (0.0018 m) mixed with carbon granules in the ratio 30:70, the voltage measured was 0.623 V and the power density was found to be 3.98x10-3 mW m-2. The result proves that the plant microbial fuel cell can be used for generating electricity and is a promising renewable energy technology.
Composting can be one of the solutions to tackle the issue of handling solid waste. In the present research work, a bench-scale vertical in-vessel aerobic composter was designed to stabilize the Devaraja market vegetable waste, Mysore using horse dung and plantain leaves as seeding material and bulking agent respectively. On average, Devaraja market generate 4.8-5.6 ton per day. Mix proportion of organic waste, bulking and seeding materials fed into composter was in the ratio of 5: 1: 0.5. Initial and variation in physico-chemical characteristics of waste were monitored during the composting period. The initial concentration of total nitrogen, phosphorous, total organic carbon and C/N ratio which was found to be 1.67%, 0.78%, 1.93%, 43.5% and 26 showed a variation of 2.4%, 1.1%, 2% 29% and 15 respectively at the end of 21 days of composting.
The utilization of industrial waste produced by industrial processes has been focus of waste reduction research for economical, environmental and technical reasons. GGBS (Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag) and GBF Slag Sand is one such waste product of the iron manufacturing industry, whose use and production has increased many folds during last decades is used in this experimental work as alternative binder and filler materials for Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) and River Sand respectively in concrete. M40 grades of concrete was considered for a water content (w/c) 0.4 and slag sand replaced by 0%,40%,50%&60% with river sand and GGBS replacements of 0%, 30%, 40%, 50% with cement to investigate the properties of compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural strength of concrete mix. The strength of cube specimensvaried from 49.60 N/mm 2 to 49.24 N/mm 2 , The marginal strength of concrete mix (52.52N/mm 2 ) having 40% GGBS has shown high strength, similarly strength of concrete having only slag sand varied from 48.76 N/mm 2 to 43.77 N/mm 2 , The marginal strength of concrete mix (49.71 N/mm 2 ) having 50% GGFS sand has shown high strength. When both are mixed, the mix having 40% GGBS and 50% Slag sand has shown high strength (58.41 N/mm 2 ).
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.