Measurements have been made of absolute gross ionization cross sections for 0.6-12 keY electrons in the following hydrocarbons: the series of alkanes from methane to hexane, a number of alkenes, butadiene, and benzene. A description of the experimental technique is given, the results are compared with those of other authors and the additivity of the cross sections is discussed.In all cases the energy dependence of the cross sections is in agreement with the theoretical relation: the cross section u is proportional to MrE.I-1lnE." which gives a possibility of comparing with photoionization cross sections.
Measurements have been made on the gross-ionization cross sections for 0.1–20-keV electrons on water vapor at pressures of about 3×10−4 torr. The results are compared with the cross sections of H2 and O2. Within the experimental error of 15% we found no deviations from the additivity rule. The energy dependence of the cross section satisfies the Bethe—Fano—Platzman relation for collision-induced dipole transitions at energies exceeding 400 eV. A comparison is made with photoionization and inelastic electron-scattering cross sections. Some results are given on the partial cross sections for the production of fragment ions for 0.02–2-keV electrons on water vapor.
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