Photocured materials with self-healing function have the merit of long lifetime and environmentally benign preparation process and thus find potential applications in various fields. Herein, a novel imidazolium-containing photocurable monomer, (6-(3-(3(2-hydroxyethyl)-1 H-imidazol-3-ium bromide)propanoyloxy)hexyl acrylate, IM-A), was designed and synthesized. Self-healing polymers were prepared by fast photocuring with IM-A, isobornyl acrylate, 2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethyl acrylate, and 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate as the monomers. The mechanical and self-healing properties of the polymers were tuned by varying the contents of IM-A and other monomers. The as-prepared self-healing polymer IB7-IM5 exhibited a tensile strength of 3.1 MPa, elongation at break of 205%, healing efficiency of 93%, and a wide healing temperature range from room temperature to 120 °C. The self-healing polymer was also employed as a flexible substrate to fabricate a flexible electronic device, which could be healed and completely restore its conductivity after the device was damaged.

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The Fe-W system is systematically investigated through a combined use of first-principles calculation, cluster expansion, special quasirandom structures, and experiments. It is revealed that the ferromagnetic state of BCC Fe-W solid solution has lower heat of formation than its nonmagnetic state within the entire composition range, and intermetallic λ-Fe2W and μ-Fe7W6 phases are energetically favorable with negative heats of formation. Calculations also show that the Fe-W solid solution has much lower coefficient of thermal expansion than its mechanical mixture, and that the descending sequence of temperature-dependent elastic moduli of each Fe-W solid solution is E > G > B. Moreover, magnetic state should have an important effect on mechanical properties of Fe-W phases, and electronic structures can provide a deeper understanding of various properties of Fe-W. The derived results agree well with experimental observations, and can clarify two experimental controversies regarding structural stability and magnetic property of Fe-W phases in the literature.