Developed seeder for planting soaked and hasting emergence rice was constructed and fabricated in Mansoura Univ. Faculty of Agriculture , Agric. Eng. Department . To actual evaluate the developed seed drill performance in the field, field experiments was carried out at the experimental form of El-Gimaza research station El-Gharbia Governorate during the rice growing season of 2008. The developed seeder was tested with three rice grains treatments. From the other side, Turkish seed drill Master UIK type was used for planting hasting emergence rice as a control treatment. There are three factors were tested in the experimental field, the first factor was planting forward speeds (0.64 -0.89 -1.19and 1.42 m/sec). The second factor was grains treatments (dry grains -soaked grain {24hr soaked time} and hasting emergence grains). The third factor was two types of planting machines (the developed seed drill and the Turkish seed drill Master UIK model). To evaluate the influence of previous factors there were five experimental measurements, (number of plants per square meter & emergence ratio & Longitudinal scattering & plants lateral scattering and weeds number in square meter). The results indicated the maximum weeds fight was 5 weeds per one square meter it gained for planting hasting emergence rice by developed seed drill but this value was 10 weeds/m 2 for planting by Turkish seed drill. From the other hand the developed seeder gained a good results with all mentioned measurements.
The study presents an experimental investigation of solar heating and evaporative cooling systems for heating and cooling sweet coloured pepper greenhouse during Agriculture season of 2010-2011. The use of solar energy system for greenhouse heating in winter and cold days helps to save fossil fuels and conserve green farm environment on the one hand, and on the other, enhances the quality of greenhouse products, reduces production costs and limits the release of greenhouse gases. To predict the air temperature gradients inside a commercial greenhouse, a simple climate model that incorporates the effect of heating cycle and ventilation rate, is functioned. In order to validate the proposed model, different measurements (included indoor and outdoor air temperatures, air relative humidity, and solar radiation flux incident) were measured and recorded in a computer fill. The commercial greenhouse was equipped with a complete solar heating system (six solar panels, storage tank and heat distributing system) for heating 750 litres of water and evaporative cooling system for ventilating and cooling 851.04 m 3 total volume. The daily average overall thermal efficiencies of the solar panels and the storage system during the experimental period, respectively, were 67.51% and 75.46%. Over 181 days heating season the solar heating system provided 37.725 kWh (66.61%) of the daily total heat energy required (56.640 kWh). This percentage could be increased by reducing heat losses from the greenhouse. The measured air temperatures held generally above the predicted one by about 1 to 2ºC, during the experimental period. Due to the microclimatic conditions of the greenhouse were at or around the desired level, the sweet coloured pepper had have optimal vegetative growth rate, stem length, number of fruits being seated, and fresh yield. The total annual costs per square meter of greenhouse were L.E. 35.722.The fresh yield of sweet coloured pepper was 5.563 kg/m 2 , which sold by L.E. 55.63, consequently, the estimated return on capital was 55.73% per annum.
Thin layer drying of canola pods variety (serw-10) was investigated. In conducting the thin layer experiments, the air velocity was held constant at 2.5 m/sec, six different levels of air temperature ranging from 45 to 70 o C, and four different levels of air relative humidity ranging from 30 to 60% were used. The obtained results were fitted with six different examined mathematical drying models. The results showed that the Two terms drying model succeeded in describing thin layer drying curve of canola pods. A multiple regression analysis was also used to describe the interaction effect of the drying air temperature and relative humidity on the constants and coefficients of this model.
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