Objetivo: Comparar la percepción de los padres de familia y Odontopediatras en relación a la sonrisa infantil ideal. Material y Métodos: 2 Grupos de evaluadores: 97 Padres de familia (grupo 1) y 99 Odontopediatras (grupo 2). Se realizaron observaciones fotográficas en 25 fotografías para determinar la percepción de ambos grupos con respecto a la sonrisa estética. Se compararon los grupos mediante la prueba chi cuadrada con p=0,05. Resultados: Respecto a las expectativas de los padres en cuanto a estética de la sonrisa infantil prefieren una exposición moderada de nivel de tejido gingival, diastemas y espacios interincisales; con una distancia vertical promedio. Los Odontopediatras prefieren una exposición mínima de tejido gingival, dientes juntos, sin diastemas ni espacios interincisales. Conclusiones: Se acepta la hipótesis ya que al comparar la percepción de los padres de familia y Odontopediatras en relación a la sonrisa infantil ideal existió una diferencia significativa entre la percepción visual de los padres de familia y los profesionistas con respecto a la sonrisa ideal.
Heterogeneous ad hoc networks are proposed as a solution to the scalability problem in pure ad hoc networks. Some of the links in heterogeneous networks have a much longer wireless transmission range (in one or more of their channels) than the other links. We study simple approaches for adaptive operation and performance optimization of such networks. Our study includes the following: (a) Use of very simple functions of observed performance for adaptive control; (b) Accommodation of an operational constraint imposed by a higher layer in the network. In this case, traffic from a forwarding node to a neighboring node, meant for an eventual destination, can be multiplexed over either long range links or over short range links but not both; (c) Route selection using extremely simple, predetermined criteria; (d) Performance comparison of the above three simplified approaches to the original algorithm of Reference [4]. The original algorithm is computationally more accurate, but handicapped by the absence of long range links.Our approaches are illustrated with simulation experiments on heterogeneous ad hoc networks fielding synthetic self‐similar (bursty) traffic. The performance comparisons of the approaches are presented for both fixed as well as dynamic network topologies. They emphasize the advantage of heterogeneous network operation over a pure ad hoc network, all nodes in the latter being functionally identical. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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