No abstract

No abstract

It has already been explained that the chief effect of salt depletion is a state of secondary or extracellular dehydration consequent upon loss of osmotic pressure in the extracellular fluid; therefore to speak of " pure " salt depletion may seem paradoxical. The expression is meant in a causal sensethat is to say, the state which occurs in patients who become deficient in sodium and chlorine while being liberally supplied with water. This state is common in medical and surgical practice, but is often unrecognized for what it is. The two essentials for its causation are: (1) Abnormal losses of sodium and chlorine. Simple inadequacy of intake does not, as in the caw of water, produce serious deficiency.

No abstract

Although blood transfusion has been in use for many years curiously little attention has been paid to the questions of how much blood should be given and at what rate. It has become customary to " give a transfusion," meaning about a pint (568 c.cm.) (Marriott and Kekwick, 1935, 1937). The present paper is based on the analysis of 194 drip transfusions for anaemia (see Table I), of which 177 were to adults and seventeen to children.Ninety-nine were done by ourselves, while ninety-five were performed by colleagues, at the Middlesex Hospital from 1935 to 1938, when each of us in turn was resident medical officer there and followed up the cases.