The use of thermodynamic, statistical, and light and electron-optical microscopic methods has made it possible to analyse the course of reactions during steel-plant-internal hot metal desulphurisation. The theoretical dependence between oxygen and sulphur activity has been used to develop an EMF-measurement-based technique for determining the sulphur content as the hot metal is desulphurised. The absence of magnesium sulphide from the collection of phases in the final slag because of the greater stability and secondary formation of calcium sulphide has been explained with the aid of thermo-chemical calculations.The increasing demands placed on steel properties as a result of technological innovations have so far involved a steady decrease of the sulphur content to as low as 10 ppm. As steel properties have improved, the philosophy for hot metal desulphurisation has consequently had to be modi-
Abstrati-An experimental study of the catalytic hydrogenation of 2,4_dinitrotoluene (DNT) in a miniinstallation with a continuously operated stirred three-phase slurry reactor and an evaporating solvent is discussed_ Some characteristic properties of the reactor system and the influence of the operating parameters on the performance of the reactor are illustrated. The experimental results are compared with the predictions based on a mathematical model of the reactor system. The results indicate that the assumption of complete saturation with solvent vapors of the gas exit stream out of the reactor does not hold for our small laboratory reactor. It is concluded that, for the mini-installation, the model describes well the operation and further the behavior of the reactor system, and that the model should be fully adequate for large industrial reactors. Further, it was -concluded that the kinetics cannot be based on the overall hydrogen conversion determinations alone, and reevaluation of chemisorption constants by analysis of the reactor product composition also is required as soon as a new batch of catalyst is taken into use.
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