The effect of trialkyllead and trialkyltin on pig erythrocyte hemolysis has been studied and compared. The results o f experiments showed that the hemolytic activity o f organoleads increases with their hydrophobicity and follows the sequence: triethyllead chloride < tri-npropyllead chloride < tributyllead chloride. And similarly in the case of organotins: triethyltin chloride < tri-n-propyltin chloride < tributyltin chloride. Comparison of the hemolytic activity of organoleads and organotins indicates that the lead compounds exhibit higher hemolytic activity. The methods of quantum chemistry allowed to determine the maximum electric potential of the ions R3Pb+ and R3Sn+, and suggest a relationship betw een the potential and toxicity.
The antioxidant activity of five new compounds from a group of quaternary ammonium salts with antioxidant function has been investigated. The effect of the compounds on the degree of lipid oxidation in the erythrocyte membrane subjected to UV radiation was studied. It was found that all the salts used decreased oxidation of the lipids in the erythrocyte mem brane. The antioxidant activity of the ammonium salts studied increased with their alkyl chain length. Three compounds with the longest alkyl chains were the most active antioxidants, and their antioxidant properties were comparable to those of a flavonoid extracted from haw thorn. The antioxidant effectiveness of the ten-carbon alkyl chain compound was comparable with that of the known antioxidant 3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxytoluene (BHT). The least effective antioxidant studied proved to be the eight-carbon alkyl chain compound. The effect of these compounds on fluidity of the erythrocyte membrane has been studied, and for all an increase of fluidity of the membrane was observed. The changes in erythrocyte ghosts fluidity de pended both on concentration and type of compound. A fluorimetric study also indicated that rigidity of the erythrocyte membrane increased with degree of its oxidation, but with antioxidants present membrane rigidity increased less.
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