Background: Natural farming (NF) is a farming system that uses environmentally friendly pest and disease management practices. In contrast to chemical farming, it avoids use of synthetic fertilizers, pesticides and fungicides and hence, offers an alternative way for the eco-friendly pest management for the sustainable crop production. French bean crop is ravaged by wide array of insect pests wherein, sucking insect-pests like aphids, leaf miner and pod borer causing considerable damage. To manage these pests, farmers are spraying both recommended and non-recommended synthetic chemical pesticides having adverse effects on environment and human beings. Methods: Field experiment was conducted to evaluate the pest management strategies against sucking insect-pests and pod borer infesting French bean over a period of three years from 2019-20 to 2021-22 at College of Horticulture, Sirsi, Uttar Kannada (Hill Zone of Karnataka) during summer season. Four pest management modules viz., farmers practice, organic farming, natural farming (NF) and recommended package of practices (RPP) were evaluated to manage the pests in an eco-friendly manner. The field experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with five replications comprising of four treatments. The standard protocol was followed for recording observations. Result: Among the different modules tested, farmers practice recorded lowest population of aphids, leaf miner and pod borer and was at par with recommended package of practices. Whereas, Organic farming and natural farming recorded moderate level of pest infestation and quite safe for maintaining the predators like Coccinellids, Chrysoperla carnea and spider population for natural predation. The cost of plant protection measures was also least in these modules which indicates the socially and economically acceptable farming practices which may be adopted for safer French bean production.
The metal matrix composites are the wide family of materials aimed to enhancing of combined properties of reinforcements. The matrix utilized in the development of MMCs would be of any material, but preferably aiming for lighter structural materials and main objective is in the improvement of mechanical properties. Majority of the progress in the field of MMCs is closely connected to development in reinforcement for incorporation in MMCs. But the orientation of this research is towards the fabrication and testing of Al8011, Silicon Carbide and S-glass fibre are the combination to cast the hybrid MMCs. The metallic matrix used in the present investigation is Aluminium alloy. Metal matrix composites (MMCs) possess significantly improved properties including high specific strength; specific modulus, damping capacity and good wear resistance compared to unreinforced alloys. There has been an increasing interest in composites containing low density and low-cost reinforcements. The present investigation has been focused on the using of silicon carbide and S-glass fibre as a reinforcement material in useful manner by dispersing in variable quantity into Aluminium-8011 to produce Hybrid MMCs by stir casting method and there by investigating its mechanical properties such as compressive strength and hardness of Al8011 metal matrix hybrid composites. Hence, it is proposed to form a new class of composite. Al8011 alloy reinforced with Silicon Carbide and S-glass to form MMCs using graphite crucible for casting. The MMC is obtained for different composition of SiC and S-glass fibre
This paper analyses the Agricultural administration in the field of sugarcane branch utilizing GIS and GPS Technologies. The creator found the execution of the innovation at exactness agribusiness locale and little homestead. At the end of the day, it was found the advantages of particular collecting by figuring out the spatial and fleeting cooperation among yield and adaption of the innovation to discover the connection between sugarcane cultivating and climate insurance in delicate food plain biological system.
This paper analyzes on the application of Geographic Information System (GIS) and Global Positioning System (GPS) in the field of precision agriculture. There is an extensive use of the precision agriculture is seen in recent years which brings down many problems caused in traditional and recent developed practices. Precision Agriculture ensures safe, sustainable and modernized form of agriculture which helps the cultivators, analysts, and researches to study the farming in a wider perspective.
The present investigation is carried out on biodiesel practicability over the existing non-renewable fuel due to its environmental dilapidation effect and oil crisis. Biodiesel was extracted from crude oil by transesterification, and its properties have been compared with those of neat diesel according to ASTM standards. Then, the blends of biodiesel are prepared for experimental analysis. Experimental results from our previous research study, the best blend was optimized. Then, the standard CI engine with Hemispherical Piston Bowl Geometry (HPBG) is modified to Toroidal or Split type Piston Bowl Geometry (TPBG) and Re-Entrant Piston Bowl Geometry (RPBG). Experimental works were carried out for preheated optimized blend, neat diesel with modified Piston Bowl Geometries. The engine characteristics results were compared with these altered conditions. The modified PBG with preheated biodiesel blend resulted in better Performance and Combustion characteristics. The preheated biodiesel blends indicated significant depletion in the emission of harmful particulate matter such as CO, NOx, and unburnt Hydrocarbons.
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