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The oxygen adsorption on the Fe͑110͒ surface has been studied by spin-and angular-resolved photoemission and low-energy electron diffraction techniques. At very low coverage, oxygen adsorbs in a sequence of well-defined ordered structures: a c(2ϫ2) followed by a c(3ϫ1). For the c(2ϫ2) overlayer the oxygen bands show hardly any dispersion along the ͓11 0͔ direction of the surface Brillouin zone. A slightly larger dispersion is instead detected for the c(3ϫ1) overlayer. In both cases, the two-dimensional models for the oxygen 2 p-derived bands do not seem to be appropriate. The spin-resolved data suggest a considerable interaction with the Fe substrate. A relatively large exchange splitting (⌬ ex ϭ0.3 eV) is induced on the oxygen 2p bands, indicating a local magnetic moment on the oxygen sites. The considerably different line shape of the O 2p emission in the two spin channels is also an indication of strong interaction of the oxygen adatoms with the spin-dependent electronic structure of the ferromagnetic substrate. ͓S0163-1829͑98͒05444-7͔