Summary:We investigated the influence of the adenosine antagonist theophylline on the degree of hippocampal cell damage in the Mongolian gerbil following brief periods of forebrain ischemia. Male gerbils were randomly divided into nine groups. Te n minutes before surgery, four groups, which were later subjected to I, 2, 3, or 5 min of bilateral carotid occlusion under halothane anesthesia, received theophylline (30 mg/kg, p.o.). Four groups served as nontreated ischemic controls; the ninth group was used to measure theophylline serum concentration. Neurological symptoms were classified by using a behav ioral score. Fourteen days after ischemia, the brains were removed, and the hippocampus was histologically exam ined "blind" for the degree of cell damage in the CAl sector, which was expressed as a semiquantitative histo-

Summary. The intravenous administration of seeretin or cholecystokininpancreozymin alone led to a short rapid rise in radio-immunologically measurable insulin, and to a stimulation of the hydrokinetic as well as the ecbolic, exocrine pancreatic function.During the administration of 1-(5-oxohexyl-)-3.7-dimethylxanthine (BL 191) no significant change in the endocrine and exocrine pancreatic secretion was registered, compared to the secretin injection alone, whereas BL 191 was able to inhibit the insulin and enzyme secretion after the administration of cholecystokininpancreozymin.The influence neither of seeretin nor eholeeystokinin-pancreozymin on the endocrine as well as the exocrine pancreas seems to be mediated directly by cyclic 3'-5' adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), and the decrease of endocrine and exoerine pancreatic secretion, induced by cholecystokinin-panereozymin during administration of BL 191, is probably due to an inhibition of the alpha-receptor system. Additional experiments are required for further elucidation of these conclusions.

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