An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) employing an acid-glycine extract was used to detect IgG and IgA antibodies to Campylobacter pylori in sera from 179 patients with upper gastrointestinal disease, 174 blood donors and 65 children. The incidence of positive ELISA results clearly increased with the severity of histopathologic findings in the antrum mucosa and was also high in patients with peptic ulcers and gastric cancer. The incidence in blood donors and children was much lower and increased with age. The results achieved with the ELISA were similar to those observed previously using the immunoblot method. Differences between whole cell preparation and acid-glycine extract with respect to their protein profiles and immunoblot reactivities were minor. IgM titres were very low and could not be related to histopathological findings, peptic lesions or culture findings. The ELISA may be particularly useful for monitoring the outcome of therapy aimed at eradication of Campylobacter pylori.
Ewing's sarcoma is a very rare tumor which has, however, attracted much oncological interest since the dramatic improvement of its prognosis under chemotherapy. Its histogenesis has been discussed controversially for a long time, including a possible origin in immature reticulum, myogenous, endothelial and undifferentiated mesenchymal cells. Repeated reports have also suggested a possible neuroectodermal genesis. Convincing arguments, however, have only been brought forward during recent years, since it was found that Ewing's sarcoma and malignant peripheral neuroectodermal tumor share a common chromosome translocation 11;22. In the meantime this hypothesis has been strengthened by numerous cell biological analyses. There seems to be no clear border between Ewing's sarcoma and malignant peripheral neuroectodermal tumors with definite neural differentiation. Histological differential diagnosis of Ewing's sarcoma has been improved by immunohistological methods. In most cases, they can be distinguished from lymphoma (leucocyte common antigen, B and T markers) and embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (muscle specific actin, desmin) without problems. Apart from that, it is possible nowadays to obtain antibodies against the MIC 2-protein, which is preferably expressed in Ewing sarcoma. The diagnostics of Ewing's sarcoma and the malignant peripheral neuroectodermal tumor have considerably been enriched by the fact that the specific chromosome translocation t(11;22) can be proved molecular biologically. In contrast to the cytogenetic evidence, it is not necessary to establish cell cultures.
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