The aim of this study is to investigate the soil organic matter (SOM) status in various land uses and management in Kayangan Sub-District, North Lombok, and its accuracy measurement using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). A total of 100 soil samples (0-10 cm depth) were collected from several land uses and management (rain-fed areas, irrigated areas, areas planted 1-3 times with seasonal crops, areas planted with 1-3 perennial plants) in the study area, which were dried, ground and sieved, then analyzed using Walkley and Black method and scanned using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Partial least square regression (PLSR) was used to create SOM prediction models. The results showed that the SOM content varied from very low to moderate with most of them were low. The content of SOM was significantly higher in the irrigated areas compared to that of in the rain-fed areas, and also higher in the areas planted with seasonal crops 3 times a year compared to the areas planted 1-2 times a year. SOM content was higher in areas planted with 2-3 types of perennial plants, compared to with 1 type of perennial plant. NIRS technology was moderately accurate in measuring SOM, which can be used to monitor spatially changes in SOM.
Research on the role of biochar, inorganic and biological fertilizers was aimed to increase crop yield and brix value of sorghum in dryland. This research was conducted from October 2020 to February 2021 at The Teaching Farm Soil Science Study Program, Akar-Akar Village, Bayan, North Lombok. The method used in this research is an experimental method, with the experimental plot in the field. The experiment consisted of two factors, was designed using a split-plot design. Biochar as the main plot with 2 treatment levels, b0 (without biochar) dan b1 (biochar 20 ton/ha); combination of fertilization as subplots with 4 treatment levels, namely p0 (without fertilizer), p1 (200 kg/ha NPK + 150 kg/ha Agrosil), p2 (20 ml/liter PGPR), and p3 (200 kg/ha NPK + 150 kg/ha Agrosil + 20 ml/L PGPR). The research showed that interaction between biochar and combination of fertilizers is not significant, but the combination of inorganic and biological fertilizers significantly increased sorghum's productivity and brix value. The combination of inorganic and biological fertilizer (p3) is the best treatment to increase weights 1000 seeds (31.29 g), yield (25.96 kg/plot), and brix value (14.55%
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