This paper describes the relation between the flow resistance of a textile material and its geometry. A literature survey reveals that the orifice model is most suited to modeling the flow resistance of woven fabrics, but applications of this model were, until now, restricted to relatively open fabrics due to the geometric models used. Therefore, a new geometric model is developed, and experiments show that this model gives good results.
Part I of this series presented a new model for predicting the flow resistance of monofilament fabrics. In this part, the model is applied to the flow resistance of multifilament fabrics. Experiments show that flow resistance in multifilament fabrics can be modeled in general, but it appears that the method is not suitable for modeling flow resistance in fabrics that are deformed by the flowing fluid. The experiments also show that the assumption that all pores of a fabric are equally sized must be valid.In Part I [5], we introduced a new geometric pore model for woven fabrics, which we used to model the flow resistance of monofilament fabrics. In Part II, we extend this model to the flow resistance of multifilament fabrics, which are woven from multifilament yarns. It is of practical interest to know the relation between fabric geometry and flow resistance, because a fabric's flow
Adsorption and desorption studies were done of polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) onto two different types of textile fiber surfaces. Based on these studies and mathematical modelling, the rate constants were calculated. Two different experimental conditions were used to simulate laundering,
namely wet-to-wet and dry-to-wet. The model PHMB surface concentrations showed that the model can be used to describe the adsorption kinetics on cotton and cotton-polyester blends with reasonable accuracy.
A procedure is described for making aqueous silica suspensions with a desired particle size distribution. The influence of silica particles in different concentrations on foamability in a rotor-stator mixer for different rotational speeds has been studied by means of mixing characteristics. It appears that for low liquid flow rates, the solid particles have no influence on foamability. For high liquid flow rates, foamability decreases for increasing silica content; this effect becomes smaller for high rotational speeds. Rotational speed and silica content appear to have a combined effect on the process of foam formation.
Silica suspensions were foamed in a dynamic rotor-stator mixer in an attempt to model the effects of pigment particles on the foam application process. Results of foamability, bubble size, foam rheology, and foam stability studies are presented. Suspensions have been foamed with various concentrations of silica. Foams have been generated with various blow ratios or with various rotational speeds of the mixer. It has been found that silica particles affect these four foam properties.
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