The current investigation was performed to evaluate the performance and DNA molecular analysis of three grape cultivars under the New Valley governorate, Egypt conditions. Most of the evaluated traits significantly varied among the cultivars. Superior cultivar had the best performance in cluster trait (weight, length and width), berries trait (number per cluster and 100 berries weight) and the total yield per vine. On the other hand, Flame cultivar overtopped in some quality traits (Total Soluble Solids, reducing and total reducing sugars). Molecular analysis was performed by using start codon targeted (SCoT) and inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) markers. The detected polymorphism was 68.38% and 41.84%, respectively. The polymorphism information content (PIC) for SCoT and ISSR markers was 0.29 and 0.19, respectively. Thus, SCoT marker was more informative. In contrast, the obtained dendrogram by ISSR showed a better clustering pattern than the SCoT marker.
Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) was recently introduced to Egyptian agriculture in order to produce a natural sweetener (Steviol glycosides ) instead of sugar (Sucrose) to cover some of the lack of sugar production, which reached annually about 0.8 million ton. So, a field experiment was carried out at Mallawi Agriculture Research Station , Minia Governorate , Egypt, during two successive seasons (2014 and 2015) to study the effect of different levels of mineral N fertilization and compost on yield and its quality of stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) under Middle Egypt conditions. The experimental design was a split plot in three replicates and the main plot were devoted N fertilizer levels ( 40, 60 and 80 kg N fed -1 ) while compost levels (0, 3 and 6 ton fed -1 ) were allocated in the sub plot. The obtained results revealed that N fertilizer level and/or compost level had a significant effect on plant height (cm) , fresh and dry leaves weight (g plant -1 ) , N, P& K contents of stevia leaves and N uptake kg fed -1 , dry leaves yield kg fed -1 , stevioside (St %), rebaudioside A (Rb%), stevioside yield (kg/fed) and rebaudioside A yield (kg fed -1 ), the remained nutrients ( N,P & K (ppm) and OM % ) in the soil post-harvest of stevia in two growing seasons, except P% of leaf in the 2 nd season for N fertilization. A significant interaction was scored between N fertilizer level and compost rate with regard to plant height (cm) , fresh and dry leaves weight (g plant -1 ) , N % of stevia leaves and N uptake kg fed -1 , dry leaves yield kg fed -1 , stevioside (St %), rebaudioside A (Rb%), stevioside yield (kg fed -1 ) and rebaudioside A yield (kg fed -1 ) of stevia in the two growing seasons. From the present study , it may be concluded that the application of 60 kg mineral N fertilizer + 6.0 ton compost fed -1 was the best treatment for improving the yield and quality of stevia and is advisable to achieve the highest values of rebaudioside A (298.99 and 297.74 kg fed -1 ) ,and net profit of stevia.
G OOD fertilizer management is critical for high yielding, quality and profitability of sugar beet. This work was carried out at Mallawi Agric. Res., Station, El-Minia Governorate, Egypt, during 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 seasons to study effect of three application dates of yeast, i.e., 80, 110 and 140 days of sowing and three levels of potassium fertilizer, i.e., 0, 24, 48 kg K 2 O/fad on vegetative, physiochemical, yield traits and profitability of sugar beet. A split plot design with four replications was used in both seasons and Monetbianco cultivar was sown. The obtained results indicated that addition time of yeast or/and level of potassium fertilizer (kg K 2 O/fad) exhibited a significant effect on vegetative characters of beet roots. Physical properties of beet roots, such as SR (Sugar recovery) %, QZ (Quality index) % and SL (Sugar loss) %, chemical constituents (pol (polarization) %, K, Na and aN determined as milliequivalent/100 g beet), except the 2 nd season for Na content of beet roots not reached significant level, and productivity traits of sugar beet, i.e., roots yield and recoverable sugar yield (ton/fad) in both growing seasons and combined. The interaction between addition time of yeast with K-fertilization level was significant on vegetative traits of sugar beet, physical properties of beet roots, chemical constituents and productivity traits of sugar beet.Yeast addition at age 80 days was markedly increased the total return per fad by 27.64 and 26.85% and net profit by 60.80 and 58.64% as well as sugar yield in ton/1000m 3 by 7.14 and 0.84 % compared with applying yeast at ages 110 and 140 days, respectively. In general, it can be concluded from the results that applying yeast at age 80 days from sowing with 24 kg K 2 O/fad could be recommended because it achieved the maximum values of SR% (16.27%), QZ (86.99%) and pol % (18.71), while it contained the lowest values of SL% (2.44 %) ɑ-N (1.24 milliequivalent/100 g) and Na (1.31 milliequivalent/100 g) contents. While, the highest values (4.73 and 4.78 ton/fad) for recoverable sugar yield of sugar beet was recorded with adding yeast at ages 80 and 140 days from sowing with 24 kg K 2 O/fad, respectively.
Drought is one of the significant abiotic stress factors that affect plant development and productivity. Screening and producing of more tolerant genotypes with higher yield capacity is the breeders' principal purpose. Therefore, this work was carried out to evaluate the performance of four sugar beet cultivars (Top, Hosam, Hercule and Kawamera) under water limitation. The drought stress experiment was applied based on three water regimes, 25%, 50% and 75% (severe, moderate and non-stress conditions, respectively) of relative water capacity (RWC). The study incorporated some productivity traits (roots and recoverable sugar yield) and quality parameters (pol%, sugar recovery% and quality index%). The results showed that drought stress has a significant effect on all studied traits. Whereas, increasing of water deficiency led to decrease of the productivity traits and increasing of quality parameters. Kawamera cultivar has superior performance in all the studied traits under all three different levels of water regime. Besides that, the four cultivars were assessed by both simple sequence repeat (SSR) and inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) molecular markers. SSR marker exhibited a higher polymorphism percentage (71.43%) than ISSR marker (44.26%). In addition, the mean polymorphism information content (PIC) value was higher for the SSR marker (0.25) than the ISSR marker (0.18) too. On the contrary, ISSR revealed a higher range of similarity (0.66-0.85). Moreover, the constructed dendrograms revealed that the SSR marker was able to separate the cultivars in line with according to their drought-tolerance, where the highest drought-tolerant cultivar (Kawamera) was classified alone in the main cluster. However, the superiority of Kawamera cultivar under drought stress indicated that it could be utilized in breeding programs for developing more drought-tolerant sugar beet cultivars.
An important bulb vegetable is garlic with several nutritional and medicinal benefits (Anti-infective properties such as anticancer). Poultry manure is an ecofriendly, economically viable and considered a suitable solution for overcoming environmental pollution and to improve soil fertility and also increase the qualitative and quantitative of garlic (Allium sativum L.). So, this work was conducted at Mallawi Agriculture Research Station, Minia governorate, Egypt, as well as Laboratories of Horticulture and Food Science Departments, Faculty of Agriculture, New Valley Branch, Assuit University during two winter seasons of 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 to study the influence of poultry manure, sulphur and different levels of phosphorus fertilizer on growth, yield and its components, bulb quality as well as bulb storability of garlic cv. Egaseed 1. The obtained results revealed that there were a significant effect for poultry manure, sulphur and different levels of phosphorus fertilizer on the remaining nutrients such as N, P, K (ppm) and organic matter percentage (OM %) in the soil postharvest, growth, yield and its components, bulb quality, plant nutrient status and uptake of N, P, K and S kg fed. -1 and storability (weight loss %) of garlic blub. The study revealed that application of 5 ton fed. -1 of poultry manure and 100 kg fed. -1 of sulphur and 60 kg P 2 O 5 fed. -1 was the best treatment, because it recorded the higher values of the remaining nutrients, i.e., N, P (ppm) and OM % in the soil postharvest, the highest values of fresh total yield (6.45 and 6.75 ton fed. -1 ) and bulb yield (5.62 and 5.78 ton fed. -1 ), highest values of blub quality (dry matter, total soluble solids, carbohydrates, protein, lipids and ash) percentages, the lowest values of nitrite and nitrate contents (mg kg -1 FW) as well as the lowest values of weight loss percentage of garlic blub during the storage period for 8 months in the 1 st and 2 nd seasons, respectively, would be suitable economical, productivity, quality, storability and health for garlic production in Egypt under experimental conditions.
This work was carried out on date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) fruits; Saidy date (semi-dry variety) at tamer stage. Low quality dates samples were obtained from the date packing factories as by-product and compared with market dates used inside the factories, El-Kharga oasis, New Valley Governorate and collected during 2018 season. To improve the economic value of low quality dates and added value increase of low quality dates using it as a source for date syrup (dibs) production. Because of the limited research information are hoped to help in increase of dibs production. The collected data pointed out that there were a significant differences in physical properties of dibs, i.e., dibs extraction% (DE%), color (ICUMSA unit) and density (gm./cm3) except pH value, chemical composition, i.e. total sugars%, reducing sugars%, non-reducing sugars%, glucose%(Glu%), fructose%(Fru%) and Glu/Fru, hydroxyl methyl furfural (HMF),dietary fibers%, ash%, total protein, mineral composition, i.e. Ca, K, Na, Mg, P and Fe (mg/100 g on DWB) and sensory evaluation, i.e. taste , of dibs manufactured from market and low quality dates. It was evident from the above-mentioned data that components of dibs of low quality dates are nearly agreed with those in dibs of market dates. Therefore, this may be from the points which pay to use of low quality dates for dibs production and use it as source for dibs production.
At laboratories of Delta Sugar Company, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, Egypt, as well as Food science Department Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, Egypt during 2019 working season was carried out this work. It was particularly designed to evaluate the affination process of raw sugar at different temperatures on refined sugar quality parameters during sugar refining process under prevailing industrial conditions. The obtained results revealed that there were a significant differences among raw cane sugar samples in the all studied physiochemical traits, i.e. moisture, sucrose, reducing sugars, starch, dextran and color (ICUMSA units) except total sugars and ash % , Significant effect of dextran addition for sugar type, where white sugar was affected more than raw sugar, and added dextran level, significant effect of affination syrup temperature on physiochemical properties of white sugar, i.e. dextran, starch, sucrose, ash, and colour, except reducing sugars percent was non-significant it can be concluded from the present research that affination syrup temperature at 70oC is the best treatment under the study conditions regarding white sugar quality and can be recommended to the industry for further processing and quite near to the standards of white sugar.
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