Laboratoire de Magn etisme et de Physique des Hautes Energies (URAC 12), D epartement de physique B.P. 1014, Facult e des sciences Universit e Mohammed V Agdal, Rabat, MoroccoIn this paper, using Nagel-Schreckenberg model we study the on-ramp system under the expanded open boundary condition. The phase diagram of the two-lane on-ramp system is computed. It is found that the expanded left boundary insertion strategy enhances the°ow in the on-ramp lane. Furthermore, we have studied the probability of the occurrence of car accidents. We distinguish two types of car accidents: the accident at the on-ramp site ðP rc Þ and the rearend accident in the main road ðP ac Þ. It is shown that car accidents at the on-ramp site are more likely to occur when tra±c is free on road A. However, the rear-end accidents begin to occur above a critical injecting rate c1 . The in°uence of the on-ramp length ðL B Þ and position ðx C 0 Þ on the car accidents probabilities is studied. We found that large L B or x C 0 causes an important decrease of the probability P rc . However, only large x C 0 provokes an increase of the probability P ac . The e®ect of the stochastic randomization is also computed.
In this paper, using the Nagel-Schreckenberg model, we numerically investigate the probability P ac of entering/circulating car accidents to occur at single-lane roundabout under the expanded open boundary. The roundabout consists of N on-ramps (respectively, o®-ramps). The boundary is controlled by the injecting rates 1 ; 2 and the extracting rate . The simulation results show that, depending on the injecting rates, the car accidents are more likely to happen when the capacity of the rotary is set to its maximum. Moreover, we found that the large values of rotary size L and the probability of preferential P exit are reliable to improve safety and reduce accidents. However, the usage of indicator, the increase of and/or N provokes an increase of car accident probability.
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