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Uncertainty is a major issue facing electric utilities in planning and decision making. Modeling uncertainty can be based on the approach called "Unknown but Bounded" in which upper and lower limits on the uncertainties are assumed without probability distributions. Interval mathematics provides a tool for the practical implementation and extension of the unknown but bounded concept. The calculation of transmission line sag and inductance are used as examples to illustrate the use of interval mathematics. The purpose of sag calculations is to determine the change in cable length, given a fixed span and an interval of cable sag values, for numerous variations in temperature. The resulting change in cable length will therefore be an interval corresponding to the interval of cable sag values. Inductance values are also calculated using the traditional single point numbers as well as interval numbers. The values from these two methods are compared to prove the validity of interval analysis.

Development o f more accurate models o f power system l o a d i s important from t h e viewpoint o f e f f i c i e n t operation o f u t i l i t y d i s t r i b u t i o n systems. used a r e needed b y t h e u t i l i t i e s f o r implementing l o a d c o n t r o l . A dynamic model o f t h e response o f a s i n g l e a i r c o n d i t i o n e r l o a d t o weather condit i o n s was developed by Bargiotas and B i r d w e l l [l] and v a l i d a t e d by t h e experimental r e s u l t s obtained i n t h e Athens Automation and Control Experiment. The dynamic model i s a p p l i e d i n t h i s paper t o p r e d i c t d u t y c y c l e v a r i a t i o n s and t h e e f f e c t o f l o a d c o n t r o l i n t e n s i t i e s on the i n t e r i o r temperat u r e . Actual data obtained from t h e Athens Automation and Control Experiment are used t o compare the s i m u l a t i o n r e s u l t s .Appliance models t h a t can be e f f e c t i v e l y

The Engineering Technology program at Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi offers two B.S. degrees in Control Systems Engineering Technology and Mechanical Engineering Technology. Students in both degree programs are required to take an Introduction to Process Industry course. The main goal of this introductory course is to introduce students to the operations, equipment, and organization of industrial facilities. Delivery of the course involves three mechanisms: lectures, laboratory lessons, and field trips. One of the unique aspects of the course is that it relies heavily on field trips. Overall, student satisfaction with the course seemed to be high, with a majority of students feeling that the course achieved its intended goals and was a positive learning experience. This paper describes the benefits of field trips and shows how they contribute to accomplishing course objectives. The information presented should be helpful to other institutions in integrating field trips into their courses.