only along one fold line. To minimize distortions at this stage, we apply the method of moving least squares. In the second stage, the papyrus is flattened, which requires the definition of a medial surface. We have applied our software framework to several papyri. In this work, we present the results of applying our approaches to mockup papyri that were either rolled or folded along perpendicular fold lines. In the case of the folded papyrus, our approach represents the first attempt to address the unfolding of such complicated folds.
We investigate Cu–In thin films used as precursors for the production of CuInS2 and Se2 solar-cell absorber material via reactive annealing. The films are produced by coevaporation of Cu and In onto glass substrates and are characterized by means of Rutherford backscattering and x-ray diffraction (XRD). The interplay of phase composition, morphology, and surface topography is studied as a function of chemical composition, substrate temperature, and annealing processes. The analysis of the XRD data is based on known crystallographic data for the phases Cu7In3 (δ phase), Cu16In9 (η′ phase), Cu11In9, and In. Refined crystallographic data for CuIn2 are presented, and the low-temperature modification of Cu16In9 (η-phase) is investigated by means of bulk powder samples. These data and the inclusion of texture effects allow us to perform a complete RIETVELD type analysis of the Cu–In precursors. It is shown that, in contrast to sequentially evaporated films, all known Cu–In equilibrium phases can be formed during film deposition. These are Cu7In3, Cu16In9, Cu11In9, and CuIn2. Moreover, it is found that single-phase films of all these phases can be produced. Film roughness is shown to increase with deposition temperature and In content. The results presented offer new prospects for sulfurization and selenization processes in solar-cell production.
The half-lives of the (vi13/2) 2 I'=12 + isomers in 19~were measured as T1/2 =7.9 (4) gs and 1.10(5)gs, respectively. The quadrupole moment and the g-factor of the corresponding state in 194pb were determined to Q=49(3) elm 2 and g=-0.167(2) using the perturbed angular distribution method. Additional g-factor and lifetime information was obtained for a number of isomers in 194'195'196'197'198'199' z~176 also involving i~3/2 neutrons. The results are discussed in comparison to a two-quasiparticle Tamm-Dancoff calculation in the full shell using the surface delta interaction.
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