This investigation was mainly carried out to develop and evaluate a stationary environmental cab with effective control techniques. Optical particle counters were used to measure the particulate matter that is 2.5 micrometers (PM2.5)aerosol number concentration, g/m 3 inside and outside the cab. The ratio of the two measurements (i.e., protection factor = outside concentration / inside concentration) was used to calculate how efficient the tractor cab was at removing aerosols, then Inverted these protection factors termed aerosol penetration. Testing was conducted to evaluate compliance with American Society of Agricultural Engineers Standard S525 [ASAE, 1997], and air quality measurement, (Temperature,C and humidity,%). In the stationary test, the tractor's cab is isolated by glass wool and placed in a 25m 3 volume of enclosed testing chamber. Aerosol, generated by burning incense sticks. Experiments were done under four parameters namely three different modes of aeration and filtration systems in insulated cab included, (fresh air mode, re-circulation mode and evaporative cooling mode), four different fan air speed of (1.8, 2.1, 2.5 and 3 m/sec.), two different cab position are used (In-cab and out-cab) and sixty levels of times (1, 2, 3, 4, …and 60 seconds) for each run of optical particle counter) & (Seven levels of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 minutes for each reading of air quality measurement. The obtained results showed that the best results of PM2.5 concentration for inside cab, was 3.3 g/m 3 , the maximum values of Protection factors of filter inside cab was record 87, while aerosol penetration through filter inside cab, was record (1 / 87) = 0.0115, and the efficiency of filter with cab was 98.97%, obtained with fresh air mode in-cab at fan air speed of 1.8 m/sec., although getting the best result of the differences in temperatures in-cab, 7 C, when using the cooling system evaporative, they recorded an increase of undesirable values humidity differences, (RH), 11.7 %, with increasing the speed of the air fan because of the increasing saturation of the air spray of water used in the system.
The experiments were carried out at El-Maamoria village-El-Gamalia region, Dakhlia Governorate during onion harvesting season 2008-2009 to evaluate onion harvesting crop by a combine machine for harvesting and collecting onion crop and achieving the following factors: Decreasing harvesting costs of onion crop, Decreasing a partial and total damage caused in onion bulbs, Decreasing harvesting period and Easing of collecting onion crop. by using a developed combine machine to harvesting and collecting of onion crop. All treatments were carried out on onion crop at four different speed ratios K (ratio of elevator speed to machine forward speed) (K1=1.8, K2= 1.55, K3= 1.05 and K4= 0.8) and four different tilt angle of share (T1=10, T2=15, T3=20 and T4=25 degree) with different four depths of share (D1=4, D2= 5.5, D3=7 and D4=8.5 cm ).The best results of harvesting efficiency, damage ratio and fuel consumption were at (K3= 1.05, T4=25 degree, D3= 7 cm).
The experiments were carried out at El-Maamoria village-El-Gamalia region, Dakhlia Governorate during onion harvesting season 2008-2009 to evaluate onion harvesting crop by a combine machine for harvesting and collecting onion crop and achieving the following factors: Decreasing separation losses, increasing soil pulverization and increasing cleaning efficiency of onion crop. All treatments were carried out on onion crop at two different moisture contents (M1=24.5% and M2= 20.5%) and four different of rear angle of ray separator (R1=0, R2=5, R3=10 and R4=15 degree) with different four vibrator speeds (V1=170, V2= 200, V3=230 and V4=260 rpm).The best results of separation losses and cleaning efficiency were at (M2=20.5%, R1=5 degree, V4=230 rpm).
A study was carried out at the experimental station of Rice Mechanization Center (R.M.C.), Meet El-Deyba, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, during 2007 and 2008 seasons. The experimental work included design, developing and testing a portable pre-cooling unit for fruits and vegetables. Quality changes of the pre-cooled products in comparison with the none cooled product were also determined during storage process under two different storage conditions (coled and room storage methods). The laboratory experiments were conducted for pre-cooling tomato fruits at three different levels of air temperature (4, 7 and 10 o C), three levels of air velocity (3.7, 4.8 and 5.4 m/s), three levels of packages vents percentage (4, 6 and 8%) and two volumes of fruits (medium and large). The results showed rapid drop in product temperature at the beginning of cooling process and the cooling rate starts to decline as the product temperature approaches the final temperature. The values of cooling coefficient (C) increased with the increase of air velocity (V), increase of packages vents percentage, decrease of fruit volume and decrease of medium cooling air temperature. While, the half and seven-eighth cooling times decreased with the increase of air velocity and increase of packages vents percentage and they were increased with the increase of cooling temperature and increase of product volume. The storage experiments showed that, the pre-cooled tomato fruits recorded lower water loss, lower percentage of defect, and higher fruit firmness in comparison with the none cooled samples.
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