Cross sections for charge transfer reactions between ions and neutral atoms and molecules have been measured in the energy range from 50 to 850 ev. Charge transfer cross sections for symmetrical reactions in monatomic and diatomic gases increase with increasing viscosity cross sections. The charge transfer cross sections decrease with increasing incident ion energy in conformity with the adiabatic criterion. For reactions in diatomic gases the charge transfer cross sections decrease as the changes in internuclear distance for the processes increase.
Ionospheric wind patterns were measured by means of chemiluminous gas trails in the altitude region 90-130 km from sunset to midnight on December 3, 1962, and from sunset to dawn on May 17-18, 1963, over Eglin Air Force Base, Florida (86øW, 30øN). Patterns of variations in wind profiles through the night are reported, and certain generalizations are noted. The relationships between altitudes of maximum wind shears and altitudes of simultaneously observed sporadic E are also reported.
The atmosphere between 74 and 160 km is pictured as being composed of three rather distinct regions which are characterized by ‘globular,’ ‘cylindrical,’ and ‘spherical’ diffusion as applied to the growth of an initially spherical cloud. These regions are below 110 km, from 110 to 120 km, and above 120 km, respectively. Horizontal wind velocities for the region between 74 and 160 km above the Air Force Eglin Gulf Test Range, Florida, were computed from data obtained during 12 rocket flights in 1959 and 1960. Curves are presented to show the speed and direction of horizontal winds as a function of altitude. Detailed studies have been made of data obtained from three rocket flights in the ‘globular’ region between 97 and 111 km. Curves are presented to show both horizontal and vertical wind speeds.
The J=0---71, K=0---70 rotational lines of methyl alcohol have been observed and identified with the Stark effect for C12H,016H, C13H,OI6H, C12H,OI6D, C13H,OI6D, C12D 3 016H, and CI2D,OI6D. These lines are obtained not only for the molecules in the ground state but also for those in the first two torsional excited states, n= 1 and n= 2. All these lines except those of the C12D 30'6D were observed to be doublets, the doublet separation being different for different molecules. Some further experimental data on C12D,OI6H, C12H 3 016D, and C13H 3 016H are included in this paper.
Project HARP (High Altitude Research Project) is using gun‐launched projectiles to probe the upper atmosphere. Under this program, 130‐mm projectiles have reached 70 km, and 420‐mm projectiles have been placed 143 km over Barbados. The first experimental program for the 420‐mm gun has been the production of luminous TMA trails for the measurement of winds above 90 km. This smoothbore extended gun is 36 meters long, weights 180 metric tons, and has flown vehicles that generate TMA trails from 90 km to 138 km. In the time period July 1964 to February 1966, forty‐nine such nighttime trails have been photographed and twenty‐nine of these analyzed. During twenty‐two of these flights, concurrent ionosonde records have been taken, and the locations of sporadic‐E layers have been determined for comparison with the wind profiles. The wind data analyzed showed little evidence for the Rosenberg suggestion that the wind vector rotates with increasing altitude. Nine direction reversals occurring in less than 3 km were observed, and fourteen layers of constant direction flow with thicknesses greater than 8 km were observed. A maximum wind speed of 147 m/sec was measured. The six trails of the night of September 20–21, 1965, showed a rapid variation of meridional component of wind at fixed altitude with peak‐to‐peak amplitude of over 200 m/sec. Sine waves were fitted to wind components at fixed altitude with fair‐to‐good standard deviations.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.