The effects of an external magnetic field on Nd:YAG laser-produced Sn plasma have been investigated. The characteristics of ion debris from Sn plasma, emission spectra, and EUV radiation have been studied by the time-of-flight method and the optical emission spectroscopy. Our results show that the ion kinetic energies of the plume species can be effectively reduced with a modest magnetic field of 0.6 T. With the presence of a magnetic field, the spectral intensities of Sn I and Sn II show significant enhancement and the electron density of plasma is about 2 times higher. We have not found any influence of magnetic field on the characteristics of EUV emissions.
A model-based development method for electric power steering (EPS) system has been explored. A practicable model for the EPS system has been established in a full vehicle mechanical system environment. The performance of the electric control system of the EPS system has been evaluated in this static analysis environment. The model has then been used in a dynamic test environment based on dSPACE hardware and software, including Software-inthe-Loop and Hardware-in-the-Loop. The test result validates the simulation model, and shows that this development method can be used to evaluate the conceptual design of the EPS system as well as the control software design and testing.
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