at. m i a , MhourlRate of cellular mn&,iplication i s an important factor in normal replacement kf aging tissues, in regeneration and in neoplastic growth. It.is not the same thing as rate of increase in size of any tissue or organ, or of the whole body. Such increase in size is dkmeioned not only by larger numbers of cells but also by inorease in non-living components. Assuming that the rate of cell multiplication i's constant, the number of cells in any grmp will depend 01 the mortality rate. For no cell type in the body are these twa rates known even under mnditions called normal.Epidermal cells of the skin are favorable for, investigation because, except for the questionable dendritic 9r Langerhans cells, they are allof one kind, though they exhibit different properties at different age levels as is to be expected. Moreover the problem is not mmplieated by the presence among these cells of b b d vessels, lymphatics, connective tissue cells and fibers.Evidence has recently been discovered in our laboratory that the epidermal cells of the human foreskin, removed by ckcumcision, do not multiply at a uniform rate throughoct the 24-hour period (Cooper and Schiff, ' 38, and Cooper, '39). The percentage of mitoses is much greater by night than by day.'Aided by a gmat from the W. 6. Public Health Serpiee recommended by the National Advisory Curter (Jouncil.
A nationwide survey of prophylaxis against ophthalmia neonatorum in TurkeyAim: To analyze the current practice of neonatal conjunctivitis (ophthalmia neonatorum) prophylaxis in Turkey.
Materials and methods:A standard questionnaire that collected information regarding the name and location of the clinical setting, the name and dosage of the medication used to prevent neonatal conjunctivitis (if there was any), and the department and preference concerning which health workers should administer the agent (gynecologist, pediatrician, or midwife) was prepared and administered to 24 university hospitals as well as to 24 registered community hospitals that had both pediatric and obstetric units.Results: Neonatal conjunctivitis prophylaxis was administered by 58.3% of the respondents (university hospitals [66.7%] and community hospitals [50%]). The 2 most frequently used substances were gentamycin 18/28 (64.3%) and tobramycin 4/28 (8.3%). Other substances were tetracycline, silver nitrate, povidone-iodine, bacitracin + neomycin, and penicillin G.
Conclusion:A nationwide consensus on the clinical department that should be involved, which health workers should administer the agent (gynecologist, pediatrician, or midwife), and which substance should be used for ophthalmia neonatorum prophylaxis must be reached. By using a similar survey other countries may also assess their current situation, and decrease the occurrence of neonatal conjunctivitis and neonatal blindness by administering the appropriate substances.
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