Experience and problems in the localization, diagnosis and surgical treatment of mediastinal parathyroid tumors are reported. Arteriography, pneumomediastinum and, especially, selective blood withdrawal with assay of parathyroid hormone, have proven valuable to the authors. Scintigram, intravital staining methods and venography are less productive. Retrosternal parathyroid tumors that can be removed from a Kocher incision should not, for practical reasons, be classified with the mediastinal tumors. The authors recommend the one-phase operation. If, after an intensive search of the neck and behind the sternum, no tumor has been found, it is advisable to incise the sternum step by step and revise the anterior mediastinum in the same session.
A survey is given of 26443 cataract operations at the University Eye Hospital of Graz in the years 1950-1980. Different phases are evident: 1. Extraction with a forceps. 2. A phase of expression. 3. Extraction by means of an erysiphake. 4. Extraction with a cryo-extractor. Enzymatic zonulolysis is of particular importance and performed with trypsin only. Almost all cataract operations are performed by enzymatic zonulolysis with trypsin. Details of the operation technique are pointed out. The connections between cataract surgery and increased intraocular pressure, vitreous body complications and retina and mentioned. Complications during and after operation and problems of anesthesia are discussed. Different special questions like cataract diabetes, cataract and myopia, cataracta complicata, cataracta congenita, cataracta traumatica and cataracta secundaria are pointed out. Our opinion is also given on combined operations like cataract and glaucoma, cataract and keratoplasty or binocular cataract operation. The correction of aphakia by means of intraocular lenses or refractive keratoplasty is discussed.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.