Triglycerides, together with nine synthetic phenolic antioxidants most commonly used to prevent oxidation of edible oils and fats, as well as the natural antioxidants tocopherols and a-tocopherol acetate, were separated by high performance liquid chromatography by means of a reversed phase Cls-column and gradient elution with water/acetonitrile/methanol/isopropanol. Besides dilution of the oil with isopropanol/hexane, no further example preparation was required. UV detection was applied. The synthetic antioxidants propyldodecylgallate, octyldodecylgallate, dodecylgallate, 3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisol, tert-butylhydroquinone, 3,5-di.tert.butyl-4-hydroxytoluene, 2,6.di-tert-butyl-4.hydroxymethylphenol, 2,4,5-trihydroxybutyrophenone and nordihydroquaiaretic acid, as well as a-and 6-tocopherol and atocopherol acetate were base-line separated; f~ and ytocopherol, however, eluted together. The triglycerides, detected at ~ --215 nm, were separated according to their partition number. The absorption at ~ --215 nm revealed saturated and unsaturated triglycerides. The absorption at ~ --280 nm indicated triglycerides with conjugated unsaturation, relating information about refining and heat treatment of the oil. Oxidized unsaturated triglycerides showed absorption at k = 230 nm. Triglycerides of ricinoleic acid, a hydroxymonounsaturated acid, gave identical UV spectra. The simultaneous detection of antioxidants and triglycerides may be used to study inhibition effects by antioxidants in oils.
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