11 Abstract Native to Asia, Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) is 12 considered an invasive alien ladybird in Europe and North America, where it was widely 13 introduced as a biological control agent of aphids and coccids. In Europe, H. axyridis was 14 sold by various biological control companies from 1995 in France, Belgium and the 15 Netherlands, and was also intentionally released in at least nine other countries. It has 16 spread very rapidly, particularly since 2002, and is now regarded as established in thirteen 17 European countries. The established range extends from Denmark in the north to southern
11 Abstract Native to Asia, Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) is 12 considered an invasive alien ladybird in Europe and North America, where it was widely 13 introduced as a biological control agent of aphids and coccids. In Europe, H. axyridis was 14 sold by various biological control companies from 1995 in France, Belgium and the 15 Netherlands, and was also intentionally released in at least nine other countries. It has 16 spread very rapidly, particularly since 2002, and is now regarded as established in thirteen 17 European countries. The established range extends from Denmark in the north to southern
On the food consumption of Clitostethus arcuatus (Rossi) (Col., Coccinellidae), a predator of Aleurodes proletella L. (Hom., Aleurodidae)
In Central Europe the ladybird Clitostethus arcuatus (Rossi) (Col., Coccinellidae, Scymnini) colonizes the warmest regions only, e.g. the Upper Rhine Valley. From May until November 3 overlapping generations are produced. Larvae and adults prey upon eggs, larvae, pupae and adults of white flies (Hom., Aleurodidae). In our experiments C. arcuatus was fed with eggs of Aleurodes proletella L. During larval development an average of 544 ± 189 eggs is consumed by each larva. For individual males and females (during egg laying) an average consumption of 27.4 and 60.7 eggs/day, respectively, was stated. Consequently C. arcuatus seems to be an effective predator of white flies.
Zusammenfassung
Der Bogen‐Marienkäfer, Clitostethus arcuatus (Rossi) (Col., Coccinellidae, Scymnini) tritt in Mitteleuropa nur an wärmebegünstigten Orten, so z.B. im Oberrheingraben auf. Er ist in 3 überlappenden Generationen von Mai bis Anfang November aktiv. Seine Nahrung besteht aus Eiern, Larven, Puppen und adulten Mottenläusen (Hom., Aleurodidae). Die Fraßversuche wurden mit Kohlmottenläusen, Aleurodes proletella L., als Beutetiere durchgeführt. Während seiner gesamten Larvalentwicklung frißt C. arcuatus im Mittel 544 ± 189 Eier. Bei einer Lebensdauer der Imagines von durchschnittlich 150 Tagen (im Labor) ernährt sich ein eierlegendes Weibchen im Mittel von 60,73 Eiern der Kohlmottenlaus je Tag, während ein Männchen nur etwa 27,4 benötigt. Der Bogen‐Marienkäfer stellt somit einen effektiven Vertilger von Mottenläusen dar.
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