Food is a crucial source for the endurance of individuals, and quality concerns of consumers are being raised with the progression of time. Edible coatings and films (ECFs) are increasingly important in biobased packaging because they have a prime role in enhancing the organoleptic characteristics of the food products and minimizing the spread of microorganisms. These sustainable ingredients are crucial for a safer and healthier environment. These are created from proteins, polysaccharides, lipids, plasticizers, emulsifiers, and active substances. These are ecofriendly since made from innocuous material. Nanocomposite films are also beginning to be developed and support networks of biological polymers. Antioxidant, flavoring, and coloring compounds can be employed to improve the quality, wellbeing, and stability of packaged foods. Gelatin-enhanced fruit and vegetable-based ECFs compositions have the potential to produce biodegradable films. Root plants like cassava, potato, and sweet potato have been employed to create edible films and coatings. Achira flour, amylum, yam, ulluco, and water chestnut have all been considered as novel film-forming ingredients. The physical properties of biopolymers are influenced by the characteristics, biochemical confirmation, compatibility, relative humidity, temperature, water resistance, and application procedures of the components. ECFs must adhere to all regulations governing food safety and be generally recognized as safe (GRAS). This review covers the new advancements in ECFs regarding the commitment of novel components to the improvement of their properties. It is expected that ECFs can be further investigated to provide innovative components and strategies that are helpful for global financial issues and the environment.
Background: Street foods have gained popularity around the world in the past few decades. The current study was carried out in order to quantitative analysis of used cooking oils by Street Food Vendors (SFVs) of Lahore, Pakistan. Methods: Fifty samples of cooking oil used by SFVs were collected. Also, a questionnaire was designed for qualitative assessment that revealed maximum vendors used vegetable ghee because of its low cost and practiced addition of new oil into the used one instead of disposing it. The samples were also quantified for their Moisture Content (MC), Free Fatty Acid (FFA), Peroxide Value (PV), Iodine Value (IV), and Total Polar Compounds (TPC). Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 21. Results: The survey data indicated poor knowledge regarding the safety and health aspects of cooking oils among SFVs. Moreover, mean values indicated that most of the samples were unhealthy as they exhibited higher MC (>0.10%), TPC (>25%), PV (>10 meq. O2/kg), and FFA (>0.20 mg KOH/g); and very low IV (<80 g/100g) in samples. Conclusion: The analysis revealed that the SFVs of Lahore, Pakistan used low-quality cooking oil. The quantitative assessment of cooking oils showed high values of moisture, FFAs, polar contents, and PVs.
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