A mathematical approach is presented to calculate and predict the strength of a false twist yarn spun by means of a single air jet, based on an idealized yarn structure model developed in an earlier paper. The strength of the wrapping fibers and the core fibers and the frictional resistance of slipping fibers in the core are the load bearing components of the yarn. The resulting equations indicate to what extent yarn strength depends on the following major parameters: position of the wrapping fibers, average wrapping length and angle, fiber strain, fiber-to-fiber friction, and fiber slenderness.
A new mathematical approach is presented to explain the structure of a jet-spun staple yarn. The mechanism of how edge fibers wrap around the yarn core is explained, and the effects of the main parameters that determine the wrapping twist are inves tigated. The important factors are the position of the edge fiber when contacting the yam core, the length of the edge fiber, and the twis level of the core upstream from the twisting element. The twisting configuration al g a single wrapping fiber is con sidered, as well as the resulting average twist of multiple edge fibers. The effect of the edge fiber length on its wrapping efficiency is also determined.
The principles of open-end spinning are reviewed. This is followed by a discussion of the problems of fiber opening and yarn formation. Data on spinning trials are given. Considerable progress in open-end spinning for coarse yarns is predicted.
The theoretical relation between yarn-mass variation and the variation of yarn-spinning tension lor open-end rotor-spinning is derived, and it is shown experimentally that spinning-tension measurement represents a useful means of assessment of yam irregularity.
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