Intelligent Transport System (ITS) has emerged as the most probable technology for improved transport experience more so in environments with high vehicular density. Effective vehicular communication is however hindered by spectrum scarcity due to the already crowded licensed spectrum. This has led to the emergence of Cognitive Radio (CR) systems as a solution to the spectrum scarcity problem. A crucial component in CR is spectrum sensing. Various spectrum sensing techniques including Cyclostationary, Matched Filter, and Energy detection have been proposed and applied with varied outcomes. In this paper, the above mentioned detection techniques are discussed and an improved energy detection based cooperative spectrum sensing scheme is proposed for improved communication in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANET). The proposed scheme showed an improvement in the performance of a network which in turn could lead to more efficient utilization of spectrum.
Traffic management has been and remains to be a major problem especially in urban areas with high vehicle density. Adoption of intelligent transport system (ITS) has been widely experimented with the intention of curbing traffic menace with mixed experiences as the outcome. By communicating with other vehicles travelling on the same road in form of clusters, vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) forms an ITS that can allow cooperation of vehicles with less human input. By considering the high mobility nature of the vehicles in VANET, this paper presents a solution to the main menace of VANET clustering by adopting the flexibility of fuzzy logics for cluster formation on a multilane urban highway. It also shows that the stability of clusters is improved by performing the cluster head (CH) selection process based on a combination of fuzzy logics, lane weighting, and utility function with the fuzzy membership function adjusted to increase stability of clusters.
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