Background: The use of ultrasonography as a complementary diagnostic tool to CT in the assessment of cancer larynx has always been underestimated due to the anatomical obstacles in the form of thyroid cartilage calcification yet specific anatomic sites with proper technique implementation raised the sensitivity and specificity of the sonographic results and presented it as a trustable screening tool taking advantage of its additional dynamic criteria. Aim of work: To evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonography versus Computed Tomography in assessing cancer larynx. Patients and Methods: 46 patients with histopathologically proven laryngeal carcinoma were enrolled after exclusion of 5 patients from surgery. A comparative assessment was made between the detection rate of localization and sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of pre-therapeutic ultrasonography compared to CT with post operative pathology as a standard reference. Results: Most of the patents were males [47(92.2%)/51] and aged > 60 years [25(49%)/51]. The detection rate was highest in glottic lesions being the same in both ultrasonography and CT [32 (96.9%)/33] with a sensitivity and specificity of 90.9% and 84.6% versus 93.9% and 92.3% in each modality respectively. (p=0.000). The specificity, sensitivity, PPV, NPV and accuracy results of invasion of the intra-laryngeal structures were comparable for both modalities:
Diabetes is known to be a major cardiovascular risk factor associated with significantly increased morbidity and mortality and particularly increased risk of major cardiac events especially myocardial infarction as a manifestation of highly incident coronary artery disease (CAD).This can lead to decreased life expectation and life quality. Major cause for myocardial infarction is plaque rupture. Prevalence of obstructive and non-obstructive plaques is increased in diabetic patients. Background and Objectives The prevalence of coronary heart disease in diabetic patients compared to non- diabetics and evaluating the composition of the plaque in diseased individuals in both groups by usage of multislice computed tomography (MSCT) angiography . Subjects and Methods A total of 80 consecutive MSCT angiography examinations were performed between August 2017 and June 2018. Of these, the patients were evaluated for the presence and type of atherosclerotic plaque and severity of luminal narrowing. Results Eighty (40 in the diabetic group and 40 in the non-diabetic group) patients underwent MSCT angiography with DM prevalence of 0.212 (95% Cl for AOR 0.056 -1.896). Among them, 20 patients (50 %) in the diabetic group and 14 patients (35 %) in the non-diabetic group had +ve coronary heart disease, 33.3 % had significant and moderately significant coronary narrowing on diabetic group and 31.3 % in non-diabetic group on MSCT angiography. Diabetic patients had more soft plaque compared with non-diabetic patients. Conclusion DM is not an independent factor for the disease occurrence in coronary artery disease but is a dependent factor in the association of other risk factors such as smoking ,hypertension and dyslipidemia.
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