Mossbauer spectra of jacobsite have been recorded at temperatures of 4.2, 125, 180, 240 and 300 K and with an external magnetic field of 60 kOe applied parallel to the incident radiation at 4.2 K. The results show the presence of two different magnetic hyperfine interactions associated with the iron nuclei. Spectra of samples in external magnetic fields indicate the same sign for the magnetic hyperfine interactions, implying that both iron ions occupy only the octahedral sublattice. These results are compared with data from synthetic stoichiometry manganese ferrite, and a model of cation distribution, assuming the existence of vacancies, is proposed. According to this model, the mineral jacobsite is rich in manganese compared with stoichiometric MnFez04 ferrite.
Mössbauer spectroscopy and x-ray powder diffraction have been used to study the natural manganese ferrite known as jacobsite (Mn, Fe)3O4, after calcination at temperatures varying from 400°C up to 1160°C. Calcination at temperatures between 400°C and 900°C results in the formation of haematite and bixbyite (Mn, Fe)2O3. The room temperature Mössbauer spectra of samples calcined above 900°C indicate that the haematite and the bixbyite transform, as the calcination temperature is increased, gradually into synthetic manganese ferrite. The results suggest that Mössbauer spectroscopy of ferrites can supply information about the thermal history of such samples.
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