Pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica (Y. enterocolitica) is one of the food-borne entero-pathogen responsible for yersiniosis in humans. The purpose of this research was to survey the prevalence, virulence-associated genes, and antimicrobial resistance of Y. enterocolitica isolated from meat and meat product samples in Egypt. Forty-one (5.9%) out of 700- samples of chicken meat, beef, ground beef, and sausage were positive Y. enterocolitica with a high prevalence in chicken meat (12%). Five virulence genes (ail, inv, ystA, ystB, and yadA) were characterized among 41 Y. enterocolitica isolates with variable frequencies. Among the strains tested, the ystB gene was detected with a high percentage (78.1%), followed by inv gene (70.7%), ail gene (14.6%), ystA gene (12.2%), and yadA gene (2.4%). A high resistance rate was estimated to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (100%), followed by cefazolin (95%), ampicillin (65.9%), and doxycycline (51.2%), whilst a high sensitivity rate was observed to gentamicin and ciprofloxacin (97.6% each). Interestingly, the multidrug resistance was specified in the 70.7% of strains and showing 13 resistance patterns. Based on nucleotide sequence analysis of the 16s rRNA gene, the phylogenetic tree showed the genetic relatedness amongst Y. enterocolitica isolates. These findings highlighted the emergence of virulent and multidrug-resistant pathogenic Y. entrocolitica in retailed meat and meat products in Egypt.

The dairy desserts are of wide popularity and variety. Also microbiological safety and quality is lack. Seventy five samples of dairy dessert consumed in Aswan City were collected and analyzed for coliforms, fecal coliforms, and E.coli counts. The results revealed that 14 (56%), 9 (36%) and 5(20%) of examined dairy desserts Bellilah, Custard and Om-Ali samples, respectively were contaminated by coliforms in counts exceeding the Egyptian standards. While, 9(36%), 2(8%), 2(8%) of samples exposed fecal coliforms. On the other hand, E.coli was occurred in 7(28%), 2 (8%) and 2 (8%) of examined samples. In conclusion more studies should be applied on dairy desserts to insure its safety and quality. The E.coli count should be added as criteria in food examination regulations.