Three new jatrophane diterpenes, esulatins A−C (1−3) were isolated and characterized from the whole, undried plant of Euphorbia esula. By means of spectral analysis, the structures were established as pentaesters and heptaesters of hitherto unknown, polyfunctional diterpene parent alcohols. Esulatins A (1) and C (3) are the diterpenoids with the highest degree of esterification identified to date from the family Euphorbiaceae.

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A new lathyrane diterpene (1) has been isolated and characterized from a CH2Cl2 extract of the roots of Euphorbia lathyris. Detailed spectral analysis revealed that the structure of 1, including relative stereochemistry, is that of a diester of a hitherto unknown, polyfunctional diterpene parent alcohol.